黄河流域土壤侵蚀潜在风险及其转化分析  

Potential Risks of Soil Erosion in the Yellow River Basin and Its Transformation

作　　者：李秀霞[1,2] 倪晋仁[1] 杨琴[1] 李天宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2010年第12期2052-2059,共8页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB407202);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50579001)

摘　　要：作者在前期研究中,基于流域最小图斑的划分,提出了土壤侵蚀快速评估方法,并在黄河流域的应用中取得了较满意的效果。论文以黄河流域土壤侵蚀强度的评估结果为基础,评估了流域土壤侵蚀的脆弱性。以抗侵蚀年限表征流域土壤侵蚀潜在危险度,结合土壤侵蚀脆弱性分析了流域土壤侵蚀潜在风险。通过与土壤侵蚀强度的对比,指出在流域水土保持和生态保护中,同时考虑土壤侵蚀强度和水土流失潜在风险才能作出更合理的决策。最后,分析了黄河流域中游土壤侵蚀风险向下游洪水风险的转化关系,指出黄河中游高产沙区土壤侵蚀风险转化为下游更高的洪水风险,在泥沙灾害研究中应关注灾害的链式反应。In the previous studies,based on the division of minimum polygons of river basins,a rapid assessment of soil erosion approach is proposed,and it performs well in the Yellow River Basin.On the basis of the soil erosion assessment results in the Yellow River Basin,the soil erosion vulnerability is analyzed.The factor of ＂life span of soil available for erosion＂ is taken to characterize the potential hazard,and the soil erosion potential risk is analyzed based on the potential hazard and vulnerability.Through comparing the soil erosion potential risk with soil erosion intensity,it indicates that taking both of them into accounts will be helpful to make more reasonable decisions in soil and water conservation and ecological protection.In the end,the transformation relationship between the soil erosion risk in the Middle Yellow River and the flood risk in the Lower Yellow River.The transformation effects of sediment disasters in the basin should be paid more attention.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 潜在风险 风险转化 黄河流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]