心境障碍患者病耻感与自尊水平的相关性研究  

Study on the relationship between stigma and self-esteem of patients with affective disorders

作　　者：刘玉莲[1] 姚秀钰[2] 张红彩 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院三病房,北京市100088 [2]北京协和医学院护理学院,北京市100144 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医院ICU,北京市100730

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2010年第12期839-841,共3页Journal of Nursing Administration

摘　　要：目的了解心境障碍患者病耻感及自尊状况,探讨心境障碍患者病耻感与自尊水平的相关性。方法采用L ink病耻感系列量表和自尊水平问卷,对北京市某三级甲等精神病专科医院167例心境障碍患者进行调查。结果心境障碍患者贬低-歧视感知、保密和误解3个分量表的得分高于量表中点分(P<0.01),不同/羞耻感分量表得分低于量表中点分(P<0.01);患者的自尊水平得分低于国内常模(P<0.01);Spearman相关分析发现患者被误解的情感体验与自尊水平呈负相关(r=-0.186,P<0.05);多元逐步回归结果显示,影响患者自尊水平的因素根据其贡献性大小依次是年龄、贬低-歧视感知、保密3个因素,共同解释了方程变异的12.5%。结论心境障碍患者感知病耻感较高,自尊水平较低。患者的年龄越大,保密的愿望越强烈,其自尊水平越低。精神卫生工作者应针对患者自尊水平与病耻感的相关性采取相应的干预措施,以降低患者的感知病耻感,提高其自尊水平,从而最大程度地促进患者康复。Objectives To investigate the status of self - esteem and perceived stigma among patients with affective disorders and analyze the relationship between them. Method A total of 167 patients were recruited from a psychiatric hospital in Beijing. They were investigated with the Linkg Stigma Scale and Self - Esteem Scale（SES）. Results The scores on the three subscales of perceived devaluation - discrimination, secrecy and being misunderstood were significantly higher than the midpoints （ P 〈 0.01 ） ,whereas the score on the subscale of difference and shame was statistically lower than the midpoint （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The score of self - esteem was lower than the national norm （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the score of self - esteem was negatively correlated with the score of being misunderstood （r = - 0. 186,P 〈 0.05 ）. Multiple linear regression showed that age, devaluation - discrimination and secrecy were the main in- fluential factors of self - esteem level （ R2 = 0.125 ）. Conclusion Patients with affective disorders were in the higher level of perceived sigma and in the lower level of self - esteem. Older patients have a lower self - esteem level. The more intense the desire of secrecy, the lower the level of self - esteem. To reduce the perceived stigma, promote self-esteem level and enhance patients＇ rehabilitation to the greatest extent, mental heahh workers should take effective measures according to the relationship between stigma and self - esteem.

关 键 词：心境障碍 自尊 病耻感 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]