FAST背架结构优化选型及单元足尺模型试验研究  

Structural optimization and full-scale-model test for FAST back-structure unit

作　　者：范峰[1] 牛爽[1] 钱宏亮[1] 王启明[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2010年第12期9-16,共8页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金跨学科交叉重点项目(10433020);国家自然科学基金天文联合基金项目(10778615)

摘　　要：背架结构是500m口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)反射面支承结构的重要组成部分,其成型精度、自重大小及加工难易程度对FAST工作性能、项目造价及建设工期有较大影响。通过对多种背架结构形式进行细致的分析及优化,得到各自最优的结构参数及构造形式,并选取其中两种(单层结构、单层弦支结构)进行单元足尺模型试验,通过试验考察背架实际加工效果及性能。试验结果表明:普通钢结构加工工艺无法满足FAST较高的成型精度要求,需采取加设檩条调节层的构造措施;实际模型工作精度及构件应力水平与有限元模型分析结果吻合,满足功能要求;综合比较两模型的制作安装过程及工作性能,认为单层背架具有结构简单、易于制作、结构精度易于控制等优点,为两试验模型中的较优者。The back-structure plays a very important part in FAST（Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope） support structure.The shaping precision,weight and fabricating difficulty of back-structure have remarkable impact on the working performance,engineering cost and fabricating duration of FAST.The different structural types of backstructure were analysed and optimized separately and corresponding structural parameters were gained.Two of them （single-layer type and prestressed single-layer type） were chosen for a full-scale-model experiment,through which actual performances of back-structure were surveyed.The results reveale that normal manufacturing craft can not meet the need of high-level shaping precision,and a layer of adjustable purlin should be set.Also,the actual stiffness of model and strain level of elements reasonably agree with the FE simulating results.After a comprehensive comparison in terms of manufacturing process and final performace,the single-layer back-structure was judged to be better of the two test models.

关 键 词：FAST背架结构 单元足尺模型试验 优化设计 

分 类 号：TU393.3[建筑科学—结构工程] TU317.1