小鼠肾近端小管的三维重建  

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the mouse renal proximal tubule

作　　者：陈雪[1] 任昊[1] 杨蓓[1] 翟效月[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学基础医学院组织学胚胎学教研室,沈阳110001

出　　处：《解剖学报》2010年第6期897-900,共4页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871313);中国博士后科学基金(20070420206);中国博士后科学基金特别资助金(200801399);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(200801590016)资助项目

摘　　要：目的研究小鼠肾近端小管三维空间走行的特点及规律。方法 C57/BL/6J小鼠3只,灌流固定后取肾组织块并树脂812包埋,垂直肾长轴连续半薄切片,从肾被膜到肾外髓外带共得到1 200张2.5μm厚的连续切片,显微镜下获取数字图像,计算机配准,C语言编程,追踪并三维重建58条近端小管走行。结果在皮质迷路中,近端小管起始段在离开肾小球后,均先向被膜方向走行约100～1 400μm后返折,在各自肾小球周围盘曲并占据相对独立的区域,很少和其他肾单位近端小管曲部区域重合。浅表皮质肾单位与中间皮质肾单位的近曲小管盘曲紧密,所占空间比近髓肾单位近曲小管小。在髓放线中,近端小管直部的走行有明显的层次:来源于浅表皮质肾单位的近端小管直部走行于中央,来源于皮质深部肾单位的近直小管则依次走行在其外围,皮质最深层的肾单位的近直小管几乎无直部。所有近端小管均止于肾外髓外带与内带的交界处,并移行为髓袢降支细段。结论小鼠近端小管的起始段、曲部和直部在皮质迷路与髓放线都有各自走行区间,其吡邻关系及所处生物学环境不同,这对肾近端小管不同节段对不同物质转运功能的生理及病理评估提供形态依据。Objective To characterize the three-dimensional （3D） course of the mouse proximal tubules. Methods Three C57/BL/6J mice were fixed by perfusion and embedded in Epon 812. Tissue blocks were cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the kidney, then a total of 1 200, 2. 5-μm-thick consecutive sections were obtained from the surface to the outer stripe of the outer medulla. After image recordings and alignment, proximal tubules from 58 nephrons were traced and 3D-reconstructed with a series of computer programs written in C language. Results In cortical labyrinth, all of the proximal tubules left their glomeruli ascending toward the renal surface for a distance of 100-1 400μm, then returned and made coils around their own glomeruli and occupied separate domains which did not intermingle with the neighboring nephron tubules. The proximal tubules originating from the superficial nephrons and midcortical nephrons formed tight clusters and occupied smaller volume than the proximal tubules originating from the juxtamedullary nephrons. In medullary rays, the pars recta were arranged in a specific pattern： proximal tubules originating in the superficial cortex were arranged in the center, whereas proximal tubules originating deeper in the cortex became layered more peripherally, and in the deepest juxtamedullary nephrons, it was impossible to define a pars recta since the ＂straight＂ part did not run straightly in the outer stripe of the outer medulla. All the proximal tubules terminated at the boundary between the outer stripe of the outer medulla and the inner stripe of the outer medulla and transitioned to descending thin limb of the Henle＇ s loop. Conclusion In the cortical labyrinth and medullary rays, the courses of the initial, convoluted and straight proximal tubules run in different regions and in different biological environment, which supply implications for evaluting segment distribution of transportors in normal and disease kidneys.

关 键 词：近端小管 肾 三维重建 小鼠 

分 类 号：R329.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]