聊城市农民工职业健康危害及防治对策  

Occupational Hazards and Control Measures of Migrant Workers in Liaocheng City

作　　者：耿月华[1] 袁浩然[1] 周成光[1] 窦继波[1] 刘静[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省聊城市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生所,252000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第1期12-15,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的为促进农民工职业病防治措施的落实提供科学依据,切实保障广大农民工的健康权益。方法在聊城市市直及某县市企业68家用人单位中进行职业卫生调查、问卷、检测,对部分农民工进行职业健康检查。结果 3 800名农民工主要分布于建筑施工、铸造、电气焊维修、房屋装修、纺织、化工等行业。主要职业病危害因素有粉尘、噪声、锰及其化合物、苯系及有机溶剂等。2 220名农民工的健康检查结果显示粉尘作业者以呼吸系统损害为主,噪声作业者的听力异常、心电图异常及高血压检出率,经χ2检验均明显高于对照组。发现与各类职业相关的异常及职业禁忌证者57人,疑似尘肺病5人,确诊尘肺病人2例。结论农民工的作业环境差多处于工作环境最危险、工作条件最恶劣、劳动强度最大、职业病危害最严重的岗位。防护设施、个人防护严重不足。用人单位、各级政府及有关部门应尽快落实农民工职业病防治的各项政策。[ Objective] To provide scientific evidence for promoting the implementation of occupational health control measures for migrant workers, and effectively protect the health benefits of migrant workers. [ Methods ] Occupational health investigation, ques- tionnaire survey, detection was performed on 68 employing units in Liaocheng City and another city, and occupational health exami- nation was conducted on part of migrant workers. [ Results] The 3800 migrant workers mainly engaged in building construction, founding, the electric gas welding, housing decoration, textiles, chemical industries and so on. The major occupational hazards were dust, noise, manganese and its compounds, benzene series and organic solvents. The results of health examination on 2220 migrant workers showed the main impact on dust exposed workers was respiratory system damage ; the hearing loss, detection rate of abnormal EGG and hypertension of noise exposed workers were all higher than those of control group by χ2 test. A total of 57 workers were de- tected occupation-related abnormalities and occupational contraindication, 5 with suspected pneumoconiosis, and 2 with confirmed pneumoeoniosis. [ Conclusion] The working environments of migrant workers is poor in terms of most dangerous work environment, the worst working conditions, the maximum intensity of labor, the most serious occupational hazards in work posts. The workers are in serious shortage of protection facilities and individual protection. The employing units, governments and relevant departments should carry out the occupational disease prevention policies for migrant workers as soon as possible.

关 键 词：农民工 职业健康危害 防治对策 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]