剩余污泥预处理技术概览  

Review of pretreatment technologies for excess sludge

作　　者：郝晓地[1] 蔡正清[1] 甘一萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院可持续环境生物技术研发中心,北京100044 [2]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司,北京100038

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2011年第1期1-12,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重点项目(No.2006BAJ01B03-02);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划--高层次人才资助项目( No.PHR20100508)~~

摘　　要：全球气候大会以及中国政府在CO2减排方面的承诺使剩余污泥厌氧消化产生能源这一老生常谈的问题再次受到关注.污泥生物细胞裂解/水解是限制厌氧消化效率的重要瓶颈,而污泥预处理技术可有效提高细胞破裂、水解效果,最大限度地发掘出剩余污泥中的有机能源.目前全球研发的污泥预处理技术多种多样,其中既有具备工程应用经验的超声波、聚焦脉冲等预处理方法,也有研究较多的热解、碱处理等预处理方式,而投加生物制剂的预处理技术也越来越受到人们的重视.本文按污泥预处理性质将各种方法分成物理/机械、化学、生物以及联合处理几大类,分别介绍了各种污泥预处理方法的原理、特点、研究进展以及应用前景.Energy production from excess sludge derived from anaerobic digestion in biological wastewater treatment has been once again emphasized after the Copenhagen summit conference on global climate change. Disruption and/or hydrolysis of bacterial cells is a bottleneck limiting the efficiency of anaerobic digestion,but suitable pretreatment for excess sludge could enhance disruption and/or hydrolysis of bacterial cells and thus greatly enhance the potential green energy available from excess sludge. Today,there are many pretreatment technologies for excess sludge available. Many pretreatment technologies,such as ultrasonic and focused pulsed methods,have already been applied in engineering practice. Moreover,some technologies,such as thermal hydrolysis and alkaline pretreatment,and biological agents added to excess sludge are in research and development. In this article,pretreatment technologies are categorized as physical/mechanical,chemical,biological and combined pretreatment methods,and each method is described in detail including their theories,characteristics,RD progress and prospects for application.

关 键 词：剩余污泥 预处理 细胞裂解 溶解性有机物(SCOD) 厌氧消化 甲烷 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]