逆流湍动床短程硝化反应器的运行性能及基质抑制动力学模型  

Performance and Substrate Inhibition Kinetics Model of Nitritation Process in Inverse Turbulent Bed Reactor

作　　者：金仁村[1,2] 阳广凤[1] 马春[1] 郑平[2] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学环境科学系,杭州310036 [2]浙江大学环境工程系,杭州310029

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第1期217-224,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50808060);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5090072);中国博士后科学基金项目(20100471713)

摘　　要：采用模拟含氨废水和逆流湍动床(inverse turbulent bed,ITB)反应器研究了短程硝化工艺的运行性能及基质抑制动力学模型.结果表明,采用"预挂膜"和"快速排泥"的联合挂膜方法,以及"低浓度,高负荷"的启动策略,可在20 d将ITB短程硝化反应器NH 4+-N负荷升至0.59 kg.(m3.d)-1,实现快速启动.在进水NH 4+-N浓度为700 mg.L-1,水力停留时间(HRT)为3 h,NH 4+-N负荷为5.60 kg.(m3.d)-1时,该反应器NH 4+-N去除速率最高可达4.25 kg.(m3.d)-1.NO 2--N最高生产率可达3.70kg.(m3.d)-1.在Haldane、Edwards、Aiba、Luong模型中,Haldane和Aiba模型更适用于对短程硝化的基质抑制动力学行为的数学模拟.当进水NH 4+-N浓度为630 mg.L-1,HRT为8 h,NH 4+-N负荷为1.89 kg.(m3.d)-1时,在Haldane模型中,最大氨氧化速率rmax为1.84 kg.(m3.d)-1,抑制动力学常数KIH为97.4 mg.L-1,半饱和常数Km为0.188 mg.L-1,取得最大氨氧化速率时的游离氨浓度为4.28 mg.L-1;在Aiba模型中,测得rmax为1.83 kg.(m3.d)-1,抑制动力学常数KIA为114 mg.L-1.The performance of a nitritation inverse turbulent bed （ITB） reactor was tested and the substrate inhibition kinetics characteristics of the reactor were analyzed. The results showed that a rapid reactor startup could be realized within 20 d with a strategy that combined the biofilm attachment method named ＂precoating carrier treatment＂ and ＂rapid suspending sludge discharge＂, with the feeding strategy named ＂low strength, high load＂. When operated at a hydraulic retention time of 3 h and influent NH4^＋-N of 700 mg·L^- 1, corresponding to a nitrogen loading rate of 5.60 kg· （ m^3· d）^- 1 , a maximum NH4^＋ -N removal rate of 4. 25 kg·（ m3·d）^- 1 was observed. The maximum NO2--N production rate was as high as 3.70 kg·（m3·d）^-1. Four inhibition kinetic models （Haldane, Edwards, Aiba and Luong） were analyzed through non-linear regression to represent the inhibitions caused by substrate of nitritation process and the parameters of models were gained, which were r of 1.84 kg·（m^3.d）^-5, Km of 97.4 mg·L^-1 and Km of 0. 188 mg·L^-1 for Haldane model, and rmax of 1.83 kg·（m^3·d）^-1 and KIA of 114 mg·L^-1 for Aiba model. It was proposed that Haldane and Aiba models well fitted the process data harvested in the ITB reactor.

关 键 词：短程硝化 逆流湍动床 工艺性能 基质抑制 模型 生物脱氮 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]