采伐木对森林碳储量的影响  

Effects of harvested wood products on forest carbon storage

作　　者：叶雨静[1,2] 于大炮[1] 王玥[1,2,3] 周旺明[1] 丁宏[1] 王庆伟[1,2] 王绍先[4] 代力民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]沈阳建筑大学管理学院,沈阳110168 [4]吉林省长白山科学研究院,吉林安图133613

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第1期66-71,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30800139;40873067);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCXZ-YW-Q1-05)资助

摘　　要：森林是陆地生态系统中最大的碳库。在全球变暖背景下,有关林业管理对森林碳库的影响引起各国科学家的日益关注。目前国内大多数文献都将森林采伐木碳库视为当年排放,而实际上采伐木能长时间储存碳。本文根据利用方式和采伐习惯,将采伐木按使用方式分为:1)DBH≤6cm为采伐剩余物置于林内;2)DBH>6cm为实木产品和纸制产品。以长白山林区典型地带性植被阔叶红松林为对象,通过调查采伐前后乔木组成的变化,根据采伐木碳库实际排放情况,研究了采伐前后森林碳储量的动态变化。结果表明:留于林内采伐剩余物为1.1tC.hm-2,排放速度由大变小,全部排放时间80年;实木产品碳储量为20.56tC.hm-2,前80年累计排放20.07tC.hm-2(97.71%);纸制产品为3.63tC.hm-2,前7年累计排放3.45tC.hm-2(95.13%)。若将采伐木碳库视为当年排放,则碳库采伐后20年才能达到采伐前的水平;而考虑采伐木碳库实际排放速率,碳库储量则一直大于采伐前水平。因此,将采伐木碳库实际排放列入考虑,有利于合理估算我国森林碳储量,对正确评价我国森林碳汇功能具有积极意义。Forest is the largest carbon （C） pool in terrestrial ecosystem. Under the background of global warming, the influence of forest management on the C pool is increasingly drawing the attention of scientists all over the world. Most of the literatures in China consider that the harvested wood products （HWP） discharge C at current year, but actually, the C in HWP can be deposited for a long time. According to the usage and harvesting practices of HWP, the HWP were divided as 1 ） harvested residues （DBH ≤6 cm）, and 2） solid wood products and paper products （DBH 〉6 cm）. This paper investigated the DBH and tree species composition before and after harvesting in the broadleaved-Korean pine mixed forests in Changbai Mountain, and studied the dynamic changes of the forest C storage, based on the actual emission of C from HWP. The results showed that the C storage of harvested residues was 1.1 t C, and the C emission speed changed from fast to slow. The total C emission would last over 80 years. The C storage of solid wood products was 20.56 t C, and the cumulated C emission in 80 years reached 20. 07 t C （97.71%）. The C storage of paper products was 3.63 t C, and the cumulated C emission would reach 3.45 t C （95.13%） in the first 7 years. If the C emission from HWP was considered at current year, the forest C pool would take 20 years to reach the level before harvesting; if considering the actual C emission from HWP, the forest C pool would be always larger than the level before harvesting. Therefore, it would be reasonable and meaningful to consider the actual C emission from HWP so as to accurately estimate the forest C storage in China.

关 键 词：阔叶红松林 森林采伐木 碳排放 采伐 碳储量 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]