黑河上游山区土壤非饱和导水率测定及其估算——以排露沟流域为例  

Observation and simulation of soil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in mountain region of upper Heihe River:A case study of Pailugou catchment

作　　者：唐振兴[1] 何志斌[1] 刘鹄[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域研究站,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第1期177-182,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30800147);中国科学院"优秀博士学位论文;院长奖获得者科研启动专项资金"(Y020B41001)资助

摘　　要：黑河上游山区土壤水分表现为非饱和特征,准确估算该区域表层土壤非饱和导水率(K10)可提高山区生态水文模型的可靠性。本研究野外测定了黑河上游排露沟流域的K10,并利用土壤传递函数(PTFs)以土壤机械组成、容重及土壤平均粒径作为分析因子进行模拟估算,结果表明:排露沟流域森林、草地、退耕裸地的K10均值分别为(0.21±0.20)、(0.20±0.16)、(0.93±0.63)cm.h-1,其空间变异性森林>草地>退耕裸地;K10对土壤机械组成及容重等土壤因子表现敏感,导致不同区域的土壤传递函数估算模型的形式与预测效果差异显著,因此,应用已有PTFs估算模型时需要对其进行可适性检验。本文推导了排露沟K10的土壤传递函数估算模型,判定系数R2=0.76,检验结果样本误差比几何平均数(GMER)为1.77,故在黑河上游具有实际应用价值。In mountain region of upper Heihe River, the characteristic of soil water regime is of unsaturated, and thus, to accurately estimate the values of its topsoil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity （K10） is essential for eco-hydrologieal modeling. Taking the Pailugou catchment in upper Heihe River as a case, its topsoil K10 values were measured, and simulated by the pedotransfer functions （PTFs） integrating with factors-soil mechanical composition, bulk density, and average particle size. The observed K10 in forestland, grassland and bare land was 0.21±0.20, 0. 20±0. 16 and 0. 93±0. 63 cm · h^-1 , and its spatial variability coefficient was 0. 95, 0. 79 and 0. 67, respectively. The simulated K10 was sensitive to soil mechanical composition and bulk density, resulting in different estimation effect of different PTFs estimation models for different sites. Therefore, the the PTFs estimation models should be tested before application. The PTFs estimation models of K10 for Pailugou catchment were fitted, with R^2 = 0. 76 and the sample geometric mean error ratio GMER = 1.77, indicating that they were practically applicable in the study region.

关 键 词：黑河上游山区 非饱和导水率 土壤传递函数 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]