云杉开花生物学和杂交技术  

Blossom Biology and Hybridization Technique of Spruce

作　　者：马建伟 胡勐鸿 靳景春 王军辉[2] 张守攻[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃小陇山林业科学研究所,甘肃天水741000 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《种子》2010年第11期1-5,共5页Seed

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2007041);国家科技支撑重大项目(2006BAD01A1401)

摘　　要：观察了粗枝云杉雌、雄球花开花生物学特性。提出了云杉杂交套袋、授粉、解袋、水肥管理以及球果采收的时间和技术措施;云杉杂交套袋在雌雄球花芽鳞开裂未散粉前套袋,雌球花鳞片外翻、下垂、整个球果呈蜂窝状时是最佳授粉期。根据气候条件在授粉5~7 d内果鳞紧闭（向上紧抱成梳状）时解袋,球果速生期加强水肥管理,授粉时使用吸耳球比使用毛笔工效高。The biological characteristics of Picea asperata male and female cones were observed.The spruce cones harvesting time and technical measures of hybridization bagging,pollinating,untiing bag,and water and fertilizer management were put forward as follow：The best time to bag hybridized spruce was before bud scale of male and female cones dehiscence without shedding,and the best pollinating period was the scale of female cone eversion,drooping and the whole cone showed honeycomb like,to untie bag at the time when cone tightly closed（upward embrace like comb）during 5-7d pollination period according to the climate conditions.It was necesaary to strengthen water and fertilizer management in the fast growing period of cone.Pollination with ear washing ball would be more efficient than that of with writing bush.

关 键 词：云杉 花期 生物学 杂交 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种]