施氮对不同基因型夏玉米生理特性的影响  

Effects of nitrogen application on physiological characteristics of different genotypic summer maize

作　　者：徐祥玉[1,2] 张敏敏[1,2] 翟丙年[1] 李生秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥所,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第6期81-86,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干"人才专项(01140305);国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230230);国家863项目(2006AA1002)

摘　　要：在黄土高原南部的红油土上,以陕单16(SD16)、陕单9号(SD9)、户单4号(HD4)、陕资1号(SZ1)、掖单19号(YD19)、中单2号(ZD2)、豫玉22号(YY22)、陕单902号(SD902)、农大108号(ND108)和户单2000(HD2000)等10个当地农业生产中常用的夏玉米品种为供试材料进行了大田试验,研究了不同氮肥水平对不同基因型夏玉米生理特性的影响。结果显示,与不施氮处理相比,灌浆期施氮处理的叶片硝酸还原酶活性、穗位叶叶绿素含量和光合速率分别提高2.63倍、27.7%和25%;且不同基因型生理特性对氮肥反应不一致,叶绿素含量变异系数为21%,ZD2施肥后光合速率稍有降低,而ND108则提高56%,SD16则提高46%;不论氮肥水平如何,气孔导度、蒸腾速率和光合速率三者之间两两显著相关。An experiment was carried out to study the differences of the effects of nitrogen application on physiological characteristics of different genotypic summer maize（Shandan16（SD16）,Shandan9（SD9）,Hudan4（HD4）,Shanzi1（SZ1）,Yedan19（YD19）,Zhongdan2（ZD2）,Yuyu22（YY22）,Shandan902（SD902）,Nongda108（ND108） and Hudan2000（HD2000）） under low N level（0 kg/hm^2） and high N level（240 kg/hm^2） in Hongyou soil of the south Loess Plateau.The results show that employing nitrogen can prominently increases the NR content by 2.63 times,the chlorophyll content of spike leaf by 27.7% and photosynthetic rate by 25%; There are diverse responses of physiological characteristics of different genotypes to nitrogen fertilizer,and coefficient of variation of the chlorophyll content is 21%;The photosynthetic rate of ZD2 is slightly declined after employing nitrogen fertilizer,but that of ND108 is increased by 56% and SD16 by 46%;Meanwhile,no matter how high the nitrogen level is,there is significant correlation between Gs,Pn and Tr each other.

关 键 词：施氮 夏玉米 基因型 生理特性 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S513[农业科学—农业基础科学]