盐碱胁迫下水稻渗透调节的生理响应  

Osmotic regulation response of rice to soil salinity and alkalinity stresses

作　　者：王志春[1] 杨福[1] 齐春艳[1] 梁正伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第6期153-157,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD65B02-6);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-Q06-2)

摘　　要：以盐碱土和非盐碱土充分混合,以土壤碱化度(ESP)2.41,13.67,25.67,42.30和53.13作为胁迫处理,测定了水稻分蘖期、抽穗期、乳熟期和完熟期地上部干重、叶片细胞膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离脯氨酸累积量等生理指标和产量,结果表明:盐碱胁迫抑制水稻生长,重度盐碱胁迫下的水稻产量比非盐碱胁迫对照降低78.58%;随着盐碱胁迫增加,重度盐碱胁迫下,水稻四个生育阶段叶片电解质外渗率比对照分别高49.8%、45.0%、43.6%和34.3%,分蘖期叶片可溶性糖含量比对照分别高9.20%、59.40%、72.25%和83.12%,分蘖期叶片游离脯氨酸累积量在土壤ESP为42.30和53.13时分别比对照高87.71%和167.80%。盐碱胁迫下水稻渗透调节以营养生长期较为敏感,进入生殖生长期后敏感性降低;低盐碱胁迫下水稻渗透调节响应不明显,高盐碱胁迫下水稻渗透调节响应增强,适当增加土壤盐碱胁迫强度可以提高水稻生理响应水平。The osmotic regulation response of rice to soil salinity and alkalinity stresses was studied with mixed soils of saline-sodic soil and no saline soil.Exchangeable sodium percentage（ESP） of 2.41,13.67,25.67,42.30 and 53.13 was used as the stress treatment.The shoot biomass,electrolyte leakage,soluble sugar content and free proline accumulation in leaf at tillering,panicle initiating,filling and maturity stages of rice and grain yield were determined.The results indicated that the growth of rice was reduced by soil salinity and alkalinity,and yield decreased by 78.58 under severe stress.With the increment of the stress,the electrolyte leakage increased by 49.8%,45.0%,43.6% and 34.3% at four growth stages,respectively under severe stress.Soluble sugar content increased by 9.20%,59.40%,72.25% and 83.12% at tillering stage,and free proline accumulation increased by 87.71% and 167.80% under the stresses of ESP 42.30 and 53.13 in rice leaf.The sensitivity of the osmotic regulation response to soil salinity and alkalinity stresses in rice was higher in vegetative growth stage than in reproductive stage.The physiological response was enhanced under higher salinity and alkalinity stress.The results suggested that the appropriate increase of the stress can enhance the physiological responses in rice.

关 键 词：土壤盐碱胁迫 水稻 渗透调节 电解质外渗率 可溶性糖 游离脯氨酸 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]