干旱胁迫对玉米苗期叶绿素荧光参数的影响  

Effect of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence of maize leaves at seedling

作　　者：张仁和[1] 马国胜[1] 柴海[1] 张兴华[1] 路海东[1] 薛吉全[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第6期170-176,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展(863计划)项目(2006AA100201);国家自然科学基金项目(30971722);西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金项目资助

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,以抗旱性强的郑单958和抗旱性弱的陕单902玉米品种为材料,研究干旱胁迫对玉米苗期叶片光能利用和能量耗散的影响。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫的增加,2个玉米品种叶片叶绿素含量(Chl),实际量子效率(φPSⅡ)、电子传递速率(ETR),光化学淬灭(qP)下降,最大电子传递速率(ETRm)和光量子利用效率(α)都有不同程度的降低,非光化学淬灭系数(qN)增加,而PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)变化不明显。表明2个品种在中度干旱下没有造成光合机构的破坏,只是通过减少光能的利用和增加热耗散维持光合机构的稳定。但品种间存在基因型差异,与陕单902相比,郑单958各项生理参数值变化幅度小,且干旱胁迫下保持较高的电子传递速率和转化能力,是其高产抗旱的重要生理基础。The response of photosynthetic characteristics in two maize varieties（ZD958 and SD902） with different drought-resistance was studied by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under three different water stress in pots.The results showed that with the increase of drought stress on the two maize varieties,the chlorophyll content,effective quantum yield（φPSⅡ）,electron transfer rate（ETR） and photochemical quenching（qP） decreased,maximum electron transmission rate（ETRm） and quantum efficiency reduced at different degrees,while the non-photochemical quenching（qN） of chlorophyll fluorescence increased and maximum efficiency of PSⅡ（Fv/Fm） changed little.All these indicated that mild water stress did not cause permanent damage to photosynthetic apparatus,but kept it stable through reducing light energy utilization and increasing heat dissipation.However,the amplitude of each parameter in ZD958 was less than that in SD902.These suggested that high efficiency of electron transfer and light transform of ZD958 may be one of the physiological reasons for its drought tolerance and high yield.

关 键 词：玉米 干旱胁迫 叶绿素荧光 荧光响应曲线 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]