起垄措施对重度盐碱化草地土壤水盐和植被状况的影响  

Effects of Ridging on Soil and Above-ground Biomass in Heavy Alkali-saline Grasslands of West Songnen Plain,China

作　　者：关法春[1] 苗彦军[1] Tianfang Bernie Fang 兰小中[1] 梁正伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]德州州立大学圣马科斯分校地理系,德克萨斯78666 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《草地学报》2010年第6期763-767,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑重大项目(2006BAC01A08);西藏重点科研项目(2010016)资助

摘　　要：通过对起垄处理5年（2003-2007年）后的重度苏打盐碱化草地土壤水盐分布、物理特性及植被状况等相关指标的测定,探讨了起垄措施对重度苏打盐碱化草地的改良效果。结果表明：与自然状态下的土壤相比,起垄提高了0-30 cm内垄沟和垄台的表层土壤含水量,垄沟的土壤电导率（EC）及pH呈现出一定程度的降低,其中0-10cm内的土壤EC显著降低（P〈0.05）,但是垄台土壤EC,pH升高,其土壤表面出现积盐现象,地表出现条带状碱斑;起垄后垄沟、垄台的土壤物理状况得到改善,其中垄沟0-10 cm的土壤容重显著降低而土壤孔隙度显著提高（P〈0.05）;起垄还提高了地表植被生物量和植被盖度。因此,起垄措施的应用加快了重度盐碱化草地的改良进程。A five-year investigation（2003-2007） was conducted to study the effects of ridging in salinized grassland of west Songnen plain,China.This study collected data such as the local water and salt distribution,soil physical properties,and the above-ground biomass.Comparing collected data and the ground truth data,we found that the soil moisture of surface layer（0-30 cm） increase in the furrows after ridging the surface,the EC value and the pH value decrease.EC value in the soil superficial layer（0-10 cm） decreases significantly.Nevertheless,side effects of ridging such as the EC value and the pH value increase and salt accumulates in the soil surface to form stripped alkali spots in the ridges after ridging.The observations of the soil physical properties,the above-ground biomass,and the vegetation coverage indicate that ridging is an effective approach to improve soil and the vegetation conditions in the furrows and ridges.After ridging,the volume weight of soil decreases significantly in soil superficial layer（0-10 cm） while soil porosity increases significantly.Above-ground biomass and the vegetation coverage increase.Results indicate that ridging can help the amelioration of the salinized grassland of west Songnen plain,China.

关 键 词：起垄 盐碱地 微地形 改良 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学] S157.39[农业科学—农业基础科学]