肾综合征出血热疫苗预防效果和免疫策略研究  

Study on Epidemiological Efficacy and Immunological Strategy of Vaccines against Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

作　　者：陈化新[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] 罗兆庄[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] 张家驹[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] 张遵宝 胡美娇[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] 翁景清 阮玉华 朱凤才 赵铁镪[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] 刘文雪[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] 王福兴 龙清忠 宋干 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院流行病学微生物学研究所 [2]安徽省卫生防疫站 [3]陕西省卫生防疫站 [4]山东省卫生防疫站 [5]江西省卫生防疫站 [6]浙江省卫生防疫站 [7]上海医科大学 [8]江苏省卫生

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》1999年第7期561-568,共8页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：卫生部疾病控制司资助

摘　　要：“八五”、“九五”期间连续观察肾综合征出血热（ＨＦＲＳ）沙鼠肾细胞Ⅰ型灭活疫苗（简称：沙鼠苗）、乳鼠脑纯化Ⅰ型灭活疫苗（简称：鼠脑苗）和地鼠肾细胞Ⅱ型灭活疫苗（简称：地鼠苗）在ＨＦＲＳ疫区试验人群中的安全性、血清学和预防效果，并提出免疫策略建议。采取现场与实验室结合的方法。现场试验人群采用整群随机分组，分为疫苗接种组和对照组。实验室血清抗体检测采用间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡＴ）、微量细胞病变中和试验（ＭＣＰＥＮＴ）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）和血凝抑制试验（ＨＩ）。研究结果表明３种疫苗安全性良好。在接种人群中的中强反应率较低：沙鼠苗为０５６％，地鼠苗１５７％，鼠脑苗３２６％。在接种疫苗的１４３，５８１人中，４年内临床上未出现免疫（感染）增强反应的病例。接种组１７例病人与对照组３６２例病人比较，临床类型差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０１）。１１９例疫苗接种者，以ＩＦＡＴ证实，再次自然感染汉坦病毒（ＨＶ）后，未出现临床症状。３种疫苗血清学效果较好。从３种疫苗全程基础免疫后１４天、１年（和加强免疫后１４天）、２年、３年４年时，中和抗体和荧光抗体的抽样检出情况看，在基础免疫后１４天和相隔１年加强免疫后１４天，中和抗体平?The trial fields observation on epidemiological efficacy of three kinds of inactivated vaccines against HFRS(type Ⅰ vaccines purified from tissue culture of Mogolian gerbils bidney;type Ⅰ vaccines purifid from tissue cluture of mouse brains;type Ⅱ vaccines prepared from tissue culture of hamster kidney)was carried out in the periods of eighth five and ninth five years national medical scientific studies,also the immunological strategy of these vaccines was suggested. The fields following up and expriment testing was cooperated when vaccine groups and control groups were allocated with cluser sampling.Four kinds of antibody testing methods of IFAT,MCPENT,ELISA and HI were operated for evaluating vaccines antibody reaction. Abstract The three kinds of vaccines were all safe and the moderate and svere side effects of vaccines were 0 56%,1 57%,3 26% for Mongolian gerbils kidney vaccine,mouse brains vaccine,hamster kidney vaccine respectively.The antibody depdendent enhancement did not found in 143581 persons received vaccines aftver four years,also there were on statistically differences in clinical manifestations between 17 HFRS cases in vaccine group and 362 HFRS cases in control group (P>0 10).The 119 inoculated individuals didn′t show any clinical symptom while had seroconversion or increase of IFAT antibody titer which could be defined as second infection.The MCPENT and IFAT antibody reactions of three kinds of vaccine were good after 14 days,one year,two years,three years,four years of vaccine received.The seroconversion rates of MCPENT were 57 81% and 70 71%,51 09% and 61 90%,82 46% and 80 13% for Mongolian gerbils kidney vaccine,mouse brains vaccine,hamster kidney vaccine after 14 days of three doses of injection and one year reinforced respectively.The seroconversion rates of IFAT were 93 69% and 89 04%,84 27% and 83 05%,65 73% and 85 00% Mongolian gerbils kidney vaccine,mouse brains vaccine,hamster kidney vaccine after 14 days of three doses of injection and one year reinforced

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 疫苗 预防效果 免疫策略 

分 类 号：R512.803[医药卫生—内科学]