农村公共体育产品的特征及供给问题思考  

Features and supplies of rural public sports products

作　　者：孟凡强[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西理工学院体育学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2010年第11期11-17,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目(08JK031)

摘　　要：农村公共体育产品属于准公共产品的范畴,主要包括农村公共体育场地设施、体育服务、农村体育政策、法规等。基于有效供给的分析视角可将其分为:实物公共体育产品与非实物公共体育产品;显性公共体育产品与隐性公共体育产品;公池体育产品与俱乐部体育产品。农村公共体育产品除具有准公共产品的一般特征外,还具备如下特征:从宏观的经济、社会发展视角来看,农村公共体育产品具有滞后性和强依赖性特征;从农村公共体育产品的形态和变迁来看,其具有形态的地域性和文化传承性特征;根据马斯洛的需求层次理论来看,农村公共体育产品具有需求的高层次性特征;从农村体育发展的基本现实来看,农村公共体育产品具有自上而下的政策决定性特征。其特征表明我国农村公共体育产品的供给陷入政府积极作为与农民自身需求不强的现实悖论,并导致农村公共体育产品总体供给低效。Rural public sports products are quasi-public products,including public sports facilities,services,policies and regulations.Bases on the analysis of effective supply perspective,they can be divided into substantial public sports products in kind and public sports products not in kind,dominant public sports and implicit public sports products,non-profitable public sports products and sports club products.Rural public sports products are featured by the general characteristics of quasi-public products as well as the others.They are strongly dependent,characterized by time,region and culture.According to Maslow＇s Hierarchy of Needs,the rural public sports products have a high level of demands,which are top-down in view of policy making.In China,the fact is that the government is active in supplies of sports products while the farmers are not very interested.The responsibilities,obligations,rights and legitimate interests of the demand are not clear.Unified supplies are not balanced with the national and public sports supplies.Material supplies and non-material supplies are not balanced.Hidden public sports products supplies are limited.The implicit public sports products supplies are limited by the value orientation of the vanity projects.Meanwhile,the farmers do not want to use the supplies and the policies do not encourage them.

关 键 词：农村公共体育产品 分类 特征 供给 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]