回燃发生条件的理论分析与实验研究  

Theoretical analysis and experimental study on backdraft

作　　者：陈爱平[1] 刘滨[1] 杨守生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《热科学与技术》2010年第4期348-355,共8页Journal of Thermal Science and Technology

基　　金：公安部应用创新项目"基于新型建筑装饰材料的室内特殊火灾研究"资助项目(2009YYCXWJXY112)

摘　　要：作为室内火灾的一种特殊行为,回燃一旦发生,室内瞬间一片火海,并在开口处形成巨大的喷出火球,往往造成严重的后果。在小规模室内火灾实验箱里重现了回燃现象,并对这一现象进行了实验研究;根据传热学和火灾动力学,建立了室内回燃发生条件的理论模型,推导出了回燃发生的临界条件表达式;结合理论分析和实验研究的结果,提出了一种新的、通过室内可燃气体积分数与其混合气体爆炸下限的比值β表征的回燃发生条件判据。Backdraft is one of special behaviors of enclosure fires with strong concealment and suddenness.Once backdraft occurs in an enclosure,the fire will quickly engulf the entire enclosure and form a huge extrusive fireball out of the vent openings.In the circumstance,it is very difficult for people in the enclosure to evacuate and for firemen to extinguish.The experimental investigations on backdraft in enclosure fires caused by solid fuels were carried out,and the phenomenon of backdraft was reproduced in the small-scale enclosure fire tests.According to the theories of heat transfer and fire dynamics,the theoretical model of conditions that backdraft occurs in enclosure fires was established,and the critical condition expressions wss deduced.Combining the results of theoretical analyses with ones of experimental studies,a new backdraft criterion expressed by β,which is the ration between the combustible gas volume fraction and the lower explosive limit of mixture,was put forward.

关 键 词：回燃 β比值 室内火灾 

分 类 号：TK121[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]