优秀跳伞运动员心理特征分析  

Analysis of Psychological Characteristics of Excellent Parachuters

作　　者：廖贻农[1] 姜卫[1] 王媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军杭州航空医学鉴定训练中心,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《健康必读（下）》2010年第11期163-164,共2页

摘　　要：目的：探讨优秀跳伞运动员的心理特征，为其选拔、训练比赛及心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法：根据成绩与是否适应运动项目将全体跳伞运动员分为优秀组与普通组，并按性别分别随机抽取男女各4名，运用症状自评量表、特质应对方式问卷、16项人格因素问卷进行心理测评。统计处理采用单样本t检验及独立样本t检验。结果：优秀跳伞运动员乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性、幻想性得分高于普通跳伞运动员（t=2．432．98，P〈0．05），而忧虑性、紧张性、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、SCL-90总分、消极应对得分低于普通跳伞运动员（t=-2．45—4．21，P〈0．05或P％0．01）；优秀跳伞运动员恐怖得分低于中国人常模（t=-4．13，P％0．01）；优秀跳伞运动员聪慧性、恃强性、幻想性、实验性得分高于常模（t=2．664．11，P％0．05或P％0．01），而有恒性、忧虑性、紧张性得分低于常模（t=-2．38—3．72，P〈O．05或P％0．01）。结论：优秀跳伞运动员有其自身的心理特征。Objective：To explore the psychological characteristics of excellent parachuters in order to provide scientific data to promote,discipline, competition and mental health education. Methods：Excellent and common parachuters were grouping by achievement and,adapting exercise, four parachuters were selecting by random sampling according gender respectively, and were evaluated on Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire（TCSQ）, 16 personality Factors Questionnaire（16PF）. Such analysis as one--sample t--test and independent--samples t-test were implemented. Results：A,g,C, M of 16PF of excellent parachuters were higher than common parachuters s（t=2.43 2.98, P〈0.05）, But O,Q4,depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, the total score of SCL--90 and negatively coping style were lower than common parachuter s（t= -2.45 --4.21, P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） ; Phobic anxiety of excellent parachuters was lower than the norm of Chinese（t= -4.13,P〈 0.01） ; B,E,M,Q1 of 16PF of excellent paraehuters were higher than the norm of Chinese（t=2.66 4. 11, P〈0.05vor P〈 0.01）, But G,O,Q4 were lower than the norm of Chinese（t=-2.38 --3.72, P〈0.05 - P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Excellent parachuters have their own psychological characteristics.

关 键 词：跳伞运动员 心理特征 心理健康 调查分析 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]