急性低氧对自行车运动员递增负荷运动时肌氧饱和度的影响  

Effects of Acute Hypoxia on Muscle Oxygen of Cyclists during Incremental Exercise

作　　者：何琳[1] 徐飞[2] 马国东[1] 李岳[3] 腾轶超[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林体育学院运动人体科学系,吉林长春130022 [2]浙江工业大学体军部,浙江杭州310034 [3]清华大学医学院生物医学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2010年第6期478-481,共4页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:60578004)

摘　　要：目的:通过近红外光谱技术观察自行车运动员低氧下递增负荷运动时肌氧饱和度的变化,探索可靠、有效、无创的评价肌肉疲劳指标。方法:连续监测15名自行车运动员常氧和急性低氧环境下递增负荷运动时心肺系统和肌氧饱和度的变化。结果:(1)低氧条件下,由开始运动到75%最大功率,Δ[HbO2]降低、Δ[HHb]增高;由75%至100%最大功率时,Δ[HbO2]保持不变,而Δ[HHb]和Δ[THb]增加,但在4个不同功率等级下低氧Δ[HbO2]均高于常氧值,Δ[HHb]在50%、75%和100%最大功率时均低于常氧对应值;(2)运动员在低氧运动时,无氧阈(VT)和最大摄氧量(VO2max)出现时对应的心率、气体代谢、血氧饱和度(SpO2)和功率都出现降低;其中VT和VO2max对应的VO2、VE/VO2、VE/VCO2和SpO2都低于常氧运动时的值。结论:(1)自行车运动员低氧运动时相对强度增大,而低氧通气反应显著高于常氧水平,提示提高自行车运动员在高原训练和/或比赛时的低氧通气反应有利于提高其有氧能力;(2)低氧运动时Δ[HbO2]显著高于常氧值,Δ[HHb]显著低于常氧值,说明肌氧饱和度是反映肌肉疲劳程度的敏感指标,可考虑将其作为监控和评价自行车运动员训练、比赛的指标。Purpose：The purpose the present paper is to observe the changes of muscle oxygen of cyclists during acute hypoxic incremental exercise by using the near-infrared spectrum technique,and to explore the reliable,effective and non-invasive markers to evaluate the muscle fatigue.Methods：The study was conducted using a cross-over design.To investigate the changes of cardiopulmonary and muscle oxygen when 15 elite cyclists（9 male and 6 female） were performed maximal incremental exercise test under normoxic and acute hypoxic conditions.Results：（1） The change of oxyhemoglobin（Δ） decreased and the change of deoxyhemoglobin（Δ） increase at the 75% peak power in the hypoxia,respectively.In addition,Δ had no obvious changes and Δ和Δ increased slightly between 75% and 100% peak power.However,Δ was significantly higher than nomoxic values in 4 relative peak power levels and Δ was significantly lower than normoxic values in 50%,75% and 100% peak power.（2） In hypoxia,the corresponding values of VT and VO2max（HR,gas metabolic markers and SpO2） decreased.The VO2,VE/VO2,VE/VO2 and SpO2 are significantly lower than nomorxia.Conclusion：（1）In hypoxia exercise procedure,the cyclists＇ relative exercise intensity is increased and hypoxic ventilation responses are significantly higher than normoxic values,which indicated that increasing the hypoxic ventilation response level is beneficial to improving aerobic capacity.（2） Δ of hypoxia is significant higher and Δ is significant lower than normoxia,which suggested that muscle oxygen is sensitive to muscle fatigue,maybe the NIRS technique could be use to monitoring and evaluating cyclists＇ competition and training procedure.

关 键 词：急性低氧 自行车运动员 近红外光谱技术(NIRS) 肌氧饱和度 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]