耕层厚度对华北高产灌溉农田土壤有机碳储量的影响  

Effect of topsoil thickness on soil organic carbon in high-yield and irrigated farmland in North China

作　　者：石彦琴[1] 高旺盛[1] 陈源泉[1] 隋鹏[1] 杨斌[1] 汪洪焦[1] 聂紫瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第11期85-90,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A15);国家自然科学基金(30900875)

摘　　要：针对华北平原长期少免耕可能导致的耕层变浅、变紧的问题,通过人为设置不同耕层厚度试验,采用等质量土壤有机碳库储量和层化比的研究方法,研究了4种耕层厚度(10、20、30、40cm)水平下0～50cm土壤有机碳的变化。2a的田间试验结果表明,不同耕层厚度对土壤有机碳含量有显著差异,与2007年试验开始时相比,土壤有机碳质量分数都不同程度下降,下降幅度为22%～48%。利用等质量计算方法表明20cm耕层厚度的处理土壤有机碳储量最高。通过层化比的研究表明,随着时间的推移,20cm的耕层厚度层化比最高,其土壤质量较好。总之,不同耕层厚度对耕层有机碳的影响不同,短期内耕层厚度为20cm的土壤有机碳含量和储量最高,过厚或过薄都不利于土壤有机碳储量的增加。Reduced tillage and conservation tillage probably lead to the problem of shallow topsoil and compactible topsoil in the long run. In order to solve the problem above,the experiment of different artificial topsoil thicknesses was designed. And soil organic carbon contents（0–50 cm） were determined for looking over the effect of different topsoil thickness in this experiment. There were four kinds of artificial topsoil thickness（10,20,30,40 cm） in the experiment,respectively. A two-year field experiment was conducted to study the variation of soil organic carbon by using the methods of the equivalent soil mass and stratification ratio. The total results indicated that different topsoil thicknesses had a significant effect on soil organic carbon content. Compared with the initial trial in 2007,soil organic carbon content decreased by 22%–48%. Using the methods of the equivalent soil mass,it was showed that the highest soil organic carbon storage occurred in the 20 cm topsoil thickness and that the thickness too high or too low is not conducive to increase the storage of soil organic carbon. The research suggested that the stratification ratio of 20 cm topsoil thickness was higher than that of other treatments over time,and it was of good soil quality. It was concluded that different thicknesses of topsoil had different effects on organic carbon content. In the short term the topsoil thickness of 20 cm had the highest soil organic carbon content and storage. The thickness too high or too low is not conducive to increase the soil organic carbon storage. The long-term effectiveness still need to be observed.

关 键 词：土壤 有机碳 土壤测试 耕层厚度 等质量 层化比 土壤有机碳储量 

分 类 号：S233[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S51[农业科学—农业工程]