物化预处理工艺在制药废水强化生物处理中的应用  

Application of Physicochemical Pretreatment Processes of Enhanced Biological Treatment for Pharmaceutical Wastewater

作　　者：刘锐 范举红 王文东[2] 蔡强 李荧 陈吕军[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江清华长三角研究院生态环境研究所,浙江嘉兴314006 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [3]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《净水技术》2010年第6期46-50,共5页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(No.2006BAC02A16);浙江省重大科技成果转化(2008C16026);嘉兴市科技计划项目(No.2007AY1016)

摘　　要：制药废水中有机组分含量高、生物降解性差,单纯采用生物法进行处理时,出水COD往往难以达标排放要求。该文采用曝气吹脱、活性炭吸附和混凝沉淀等物化方法,对某企业制药废水中生物降解性较差的三个工段排水(W1,W5,W6)进行物化预处理。结果表明不进行工段废水物化预处理时,企业出水平均CODCr浓度为1 000 mg/L,达不到800 mg/L排放要求。物化预处理有效降低了高污染负荷工段中难降解有机物含量。曝气吹脱48 h对W1工段废水的总有机碳(TOC)去除率为45%,对W5和W6工段则无明显去除。将废水pH由弱酸性调至强碱性后,投加粉末活性炭(PAC)或絮凝剂(PAM)均可有效提高W5和W6工段排水的TOC去除率,分别达到50%和60%以上。采用物化预处理与生物处理相结合后,可保证出水中的CODCr浓度降至800 mg/L以下,满足污水排放要求。Because of high contents of organic pollutants and poor bio-degradability,pharmaceutical wastewater is usually difficult to meet the discharge standard in effluent COD with biological treatment only.In this paper,several physicochemical pretreatment methods were applied to three processing units（W1,W5,W6）,which had lower bio-degradability.The results show without any pretreatment,the effluent CODCr was about 1 000 mg / L on average,which is higher than the discharge requirement of 800 mg / L.Physicochemical pretreatment applying to wastewater greatly reduces organic content of high-pollution loading.After 48 h of aeration,remand efficiency of TOC in unit W1 is 45 %.However,removal efficiency in unit W5 and W6 is not apparent.By increasing pH from weak acidic to strong basic and adding PAC or PAM,removal efficiency of TOC can be notably improved to 55 % and 61 %,respectively.With physicochemical pretreatment and the biological treatment,effluent CODCr is below 800 mg / L,meeting the discharge requirement.

关 键 词：制药废水 物化处理 活性炭吸附 絮凝 曝气吹脱 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]