大学生孤独与认知方式父母教养方式的相关性分析  

Survey on the Influence of Cognitive Style and Parental Rearing Patterns on Loneliness Among Undergraduates

作　　者：李秀红[1,2] 郭丽[1,2] 静进[1,2] 陈岩[1,2] 雷蕾[1,2] 吴燕燕[1,2] 鲁伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼系 [2]中山大学预防医学研究所,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第12期1456-1458,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解大学生孤独现状及其与认知方式、父母教养方式的相关关系,为针对性心理干预措施的实施提供依据。方法采用情绪-社交孤独问卷(ESLI)、父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)和镶嵌图形测验(EFT),对某综合性大学488名本科生进行调查评估。结果情绪孤立、社交孤立、情绪孤独和社交孤独较严重的大学生分别占35.7%,18.4%,10.9%和8.9%;父母亲的情感温暖、理解与孤独各维度呈负相关;父母的惩罚、严厉,拒绝、否认,过度保护以及母亲过干涉均与孤独各维度呈正相关;父亲情感温暖、理解,父亲过度保护,母亲拒绝、否认对孤独总分有显著预测作用,父亲情感温暖、理解,父亲过度保护,认知方式对社交孤立和孤独有显著预测作用,父亲情感温暖、理解,母亲过度干涉、保护对情绪孤独有显著预测作用,母亲拒绝、否认、情感温暖、理解,父亲过度保护,父母离异和性别对情绪孤立有显著预测作用。结论大学生孤独现况不容忽视,父母教养方式特别是父亲教养方式及大学生认知方式对大学生孤独产生显著影响。Objective To study the feeling of loneliness among undergraduates and its influencing factors in order to offer the solution to their psychological problems.Methods The questionnaires of ESLI,EMBU and EFT were administered to 488 undergraduates from freshmen to juniors in a comprehensive university.Results The rates of emotional isolation,social isolation,emotional loneliness and social loneliness above common were 35.7%,18.4%,10.9% and 8.9%.Parents＇ warmth and understand was negatively correlated to loneliness;Parents＇ stern and punishment,rejection and negation,overprotect as well as mother＇ interference was positively correlated to loneliness.Regression analysis showed that the risk factors to loneliness included father＇s warmth and understand,father＇s overprotect and mother＇s rejection;father＇s warmth and understand,father＇s overprotect and cognitive style were the risk factors to social isolation and social loneliness;the risk factors to emotional loneliness include father＇s warmth and understand,father＇s overprotect and mother＇s interference and overprotect;Mother＇s warmth and understand,mother＇s rejection,father＇s overprotect,gender and parents＇ dissociation were the risk factors to emotional isolation.Conclusion Loneliness generally exists among undergraduates.Cognitive style and parental rearing patterns exactly influence undergraduates＇ loneliness.

关 键 词：孤独 认知 教育 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B842.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]