冬小麦产量形成过程模型及群体优化设计方法  

Studies on design methods for winter wheat optimal population based on model of grain yield formation process

作　　者：张竹琴[1] 周顺利[1] 乔嘉[1] 赵姣[1] 廖树华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/农业部作物栽培与耕作学重点开放实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2010年第6期13-19,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家支撑计划项目(2006BAD29B04);国家863计划项目(2006AA10A303-1)

摘　　要：为满足冬小麦生产管理这一要求,需研究冬小麦群体设计及产量形成过程模型构建的技术方法。本文根据冬小麦阶段生长发育特点,以均匀设计与栽培优化相结合的动态试验方法为基础,深入研究不同发育阶段干物质积累量对冬小麦产量及其性状的影响,利用逐步回归和经验判别相结合的方法,论述了基于干物质积累动态的冬小麦产量形成模型的构建过程;根据非线性优化理论,提出了以产量为目标的群体优化设计方法。按上述方法,用冬小麦品种"石家庄8号"在吴桥2年(2007-10-2009-06)的田间试验资料进行分析,结果表明:产量形成过程各模型(包括冬前茎数、拔节茎数、单位穗数、穗粒数和产量)的复相关系数介于0.92～0.97之间,进行群体优化设计后得出最优产量目标为9165.00kg/hm2的群体动态指标,所提出的群体设计方法可以满足生产决策中对群体设计的要求,试验方法可用于多因素、多水平作物生产模型的试验研究。The processes of crop population growth and dry matter accumulation in crop production are important.Crop yield and yield traits are closely related to dry matter accumulation.To design optimal population of winter wheat,the model of yield formation need to be further studied.The test method is based on a combination of uniform design and cultivation optimization with dynamic approach.The relations of dry matter accumulation and grain yield traits were completely analyzed at different growth stages of winter wheat.Using the method of combining stepwise regression and experiential judgement,the constructing process of yield formation model about winter wheat which was based on dry matter accumulation was discussed.According to non-linear optimization theory,the method of optimal population design aiming at yield was proposed.Using the experimental data of Shijiazhuang 8 from 2007-10 to 2009-06 in Wuqiao,the following results were gained：Multiple correlation coefficients of yield formation model ranged from 0.92-0.97.Through the optimal population design the optimal yield target of 9 165.00kg/hm2 and relevant dynamic population indicators were obtained.The results showed that the method of population design proposed could meet the needs of production decision.So the methods of experimental design were efficient.

关 键 词：冬小麦 干物质 产量模型 群体优化设计 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]