黄土丘陵沟壑区治理与非治理对比小流域侵蚀产流比较研究  

Study on water erosion from two small watersheds with and without management on Loess Plateau

作　　者：原翠萍[1] 李淑芹[1] 雷启祥[2] 曹全意[2] 何爱东[2] 苏广旭[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]水利部黄河水利委员会黄河水土保持天水治理监督局,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2010年第6期95-101,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40635027);黄河水土保持生态工程天水藉河(二期)重点支流治理项目;黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金(10501-245)

摘　　要：研究水土保持综合治理对小流域侵蚀产流量和次降雨径流过程的影响。以黄土丘陵沟壑区第Ⅲ副区内治理小流域桥子东沟和未治理小流域桥子西沟为对象,分析水土保持综合治理不同阶段小流域侵蚀产流量年际变化和次降雨径流过程。结果表明:桥子东沟产流次数较桥子西沟减少了42.86%,年径流模数为桥子西沟的5%～63%;桥子东、西沟的多年平均径流系数分别为1.80%和4.03%;桥子东、西沟年径流深比值略有下降,治理后期在0.6以下。桥子东沟在治理后期的次降雨起流和洪峰流量的出现都晚于桥子西沟;桥子东、西沟次降雨洪峰流量、洪水历时比值不断下降,治理后期分别为0.41和0.61。水土保持综合治理的实施有效减少了治理流域的侵蚀产流量,对次降雨径流过程影响很大。In order to study the effect of soil and water conservation management on water erosion and runoff process at small watershed,the Qiaozi-East watershed with management and Qiaozi-West watershed without management at third sub-region of Loess Plateau were selected as studying area.Rainfall and runoff data were collected and the annual change of soil erosion and runoff processes were analyzed at different stages of management.Times of runoff at QiaoziEast watershed were reduced by 42.86% as compared with that at Qiaozi-West watershed.Annual runoff modulus at Qiaozi-East watershed accounted for 5%-63% of that at Qiaozi-West watershed.Annual mean runoff coefficients of Qiaozi-East and Qiaozi-West watershed were 1.80% and 4.03% respectively.The ratios of annual runoff depths at Qiaozi-East watershed to that at Qiaozi-West watershed decreased slightly and decreased slightly to less than 0.6 finally.Runoff initiated and peak flow occurred at Qiaozi-East watershed all later than at Qiaozi-West watershed with years of management.The ratios of peak flow and runoff duration at Qiaozi-East watershed to that at Qiaozi-West watershed were decreased to 0.41 and 0.61 respectively finally.

关 键 词：对比小流域 水土保持综合治理 次降雨 径流过程 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]