黄河内蒙古段洪水对河道冲淤的影响  

Influence of Floods to the Channel Scour and Fill of Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River

作　　者：常温花[1] 侯素珍[1] 王平[1] 胡恬[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2010年第12期62-63,共2页Yellow River

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB06B04);水利部公益性行业科研专项(200701007)

摘　　要：分析了黄河内蒙古河道洪水期不同流量级洪水的特征及洪水水沙搭配情况,探讨了不同流量级洪水对河道冲淤的影响。结果表明:①1958—2006年巴彦高勒站最大洪峰流量呈减小趋势,洪水期天数、各级流量洪水出现的场次也呈减小趋势,1987—2006年各量级洪水出现的天数发生变化,小流量级洪水占的比例增大,大流量级洪水占的比例减小;②1958—2006年巴彦高勒站洪水期水量、沙量均呈减少趋势,1987年以后小流量级水量占比例最大,大流量级水量占比例最小;③同一年不同量级洪水的来沙系数比较接近,1987年以后各量级洪水来沙系数增大;④随着含沙量的增大,各量级洪水的单位水量冲淤量增大;⑤小于1 000、1 000～1 500、1 500～2 000、2 000～3 000 m3/s和大于3 000 m3/s洪水河道冲淤的临界含沙量分别为5.0、6.0、8.5、10.0 kg/m3和6.0 kg/m3。The paper analyzes the characteristics of floods with different discharge and different sediment concentration during flood season at Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River and approaches to the influence of floods with different discharge to the channel scour and fill.The outcomes show that a) in the period of 1958 to 2006,the maximum peak discharge at Bayangaole Station is the trend of reducing and the number of days of flood and events of floods with different discharge also show the trend of reducing.In the period of 1987 to 2006,the number of days of flood with different discharge has changed.The proportion of smaller discharge floods is increased and greater discharge floods decreased;b) during the flood period of 1958 to 2006 of Bayangaole Station,the sediment is the trend of reduction.The proportion of smaller discharge flow is the maximum and greater discharge flow the minimum after 1987;c) the coefficient of incoming sediment for the floods with different discharge in a same year is close and the coefficient of incoming sediment for the floods with various discharge increases after 1987;d) the scour and fill of unit water of floods with various discharge increases along with the increase of sediment concentration;e) the critical sediment concentration of channel scour and fill in the floods smaller than 1 000,1 000 to 1 500,1 500 to 2,000,2 000 to 3 000 m3/s and greater than 3,000 m3/s is 5.0,6.0,8.5,10.0 kg/m3 and 6.0 kg/m3 respectively.

关 键 词：河道冲淤 洪水 内蒙古段 黄河 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]