信任方式的起源和中国人信任的特征  

Origins of Mode of Trust and Characteristics of Chinese Trust

作　　者：周生春[1] 杨缨[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学经济学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]九江学院商学院,江西九江332005

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2011年第1期169-177,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：以往学者大多认为中国社会制度背后的组织通则为亲族原则,并形成了"差序格局"的社会特征,从而造成了中国低信任度文化的产生,不利于中国的发展。但通过历史分析和博弈推演可知:由于与印度、欧洲的起始博弈不同,中国人建立了基于同情心原则的人格化信任方式——直接信任,这一信任方式虽然在真实性、范围和强度上都优于其他信任方式,但由于辅助的非人格化信任的周期性解体与重建,以及近代社会的转型和外部威胁,中国人的直接信任方式具有不稳定的特点。所以说,中国人对不同对象给予信任的不同顺序与强度是因安全原因才逐渐表现出来的,中国社会的"差序格局"特征更多的是时间顺序上的,并从时间顺序反映到空间范围上。Many scholars used to think that the general principle of social organization behind China＇s social system was the kinship principle, which formed the social characteristic of ＂differential pattern＂. This characteristic resulted in a Chinese culture of low credibility, thus impeding the development of China. But through historical analysis and game deduction, it is observed that since China differs in the origin of game theory from India and Europe the Chinese build ＂direct trust＂, a trust mode based on the principle of sympathy. Although this mode is superior to others in terms of reality, scope and strength, the direct trust carries with it a degree of liability as a result of the periodic disintegration and reconstruction of auxiliary impersonal trust as well as the transition and external threat of modern society. Therefore, the pattern of Chinese people＇s trust given to different objects varying in order and intensity gradually manifests itself with the changes of the security circumstances in China. The social characteristic of ＂differential pattern＂ in China is mainly concerned with the time relation and its subsequent expansion into a space relation.

关 键 词：人格化信任 非人格化信任 同情心 亲族 

分 类 号：C912.3[经济管理]