水稻根系形态生理与产量、品质形成及养分吸收利用的关系  

Relationships of Rice Root Morphology and Physiology with the Formation of Grain Yield and Quality and the Nutrient Absorption and Utilization

作　　者：杨建昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2011年第1期36-46,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771274;31071360);国家自然科学基金国际重大合作项目(31061140457);江苏省基础研究计划项目(BK2009005);教育部博士学科点基金项目(200811170002)

摘　　要：植物根系既是水分和养分吸收的主要器官,又是多种激素、有机酸和氨基酸合成的重要场所,其形态和生理特性与地上部的生长发育有密切联系。本文综述了水稻根系形态生理与产量形成及水分养分吸收利用的关系,介绍了根系化学信号(激素、有机酸等)对稻米品质形成的作用及根尖细胞超微结构与地上部生长发育关系的最新研究进展,讨论了水稻根系研究存在的问题和今后研究的重点。Roots are an integral part of plant organs and involved in acquisition of nutrients and water, synthesis of plant hormones, organic acids and amino acids, and anchorage of plants. Root morphology and physiology are closely associated with the growth and development of above-ground part of plant. In this review, the relationships of root morpho-physiological traits with the formation of grain yield and the absorbtion of water and nutrients in rice were summerized. Recent advances in research on the role of the root chemical signals, such as hormones and organic acids, in the formation of grain quality of rice and the relation of ultra-structure of root tip cells with the growth and development of above-ground part of plant were intruduced. The existing problems and futher studies on rice roots were discussed.

关 键 词：水稻 根系 化学讯号 细胞超微结构 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]