抽水试验与微水试验在确定水文地质参数中的对比分析  

Comparison of the determination of hydrogeological parameters from pumping tests and slug tests

作　　者：鞠晓明[1] 何江涛[1] 王俊杰[1] 马文洁[1] 陆燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《工程勘察》2011年第1期51-56,63,共7页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：国土资源调查项目(1212010634505);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)课题(2007AA06A410-01)

摘　　要：水文地质参数的获取是水文地质工作的一项重要内容。常规确定方法主要有抽水试验法,配线法。这些方法的共同缺点是试验周期长,设备数量多。本文在安徽淮北老濉河某场地同时开展抽水试验和微水试验(Slug test)。抽水试验井为承压完整井,稳定流单孔抽水,6个孔观测,采用Hantush-Jacob模型,绘制s-lgt曲线与标准曲线拟合求参。微水试验选择试验场地中4个钻孔,分别采用注水法和重物沉入法,共进行6次试验,通过观测水位恢复与时间的关系,利用Cooper模型与标准曲线拟合求参。试验结果表明,抽水试验涉及的范围大,试验值反映抽水影响范围内场地水平方向参数的平均值。而微水试验涉及范围小试验值反映钻孔内垂向上参数的平均值。对比分析两种试验结果,发现抽水试验K值是微水试验的1.5倍。皮肤效应是两种试验结果差异的主要原因,经计算,抽水试验皮肤系数为200.96cm2,说明试验场地因施工等原因使渗透性较原地层偏大。The acquisition of the hydrogeological parameters is an important part of hydrogeological work.The main conventional methods to determine these parameters include the pumping test and the fitting curve method,which should take more time and need more equipment to complete the work.The pumping tests and slug tests at the same time in the Laosui river of Huaibei in Anhui province are carried out.The pumping test wells are the confined complete wells with single-well pumping in steady flow and six observing wells.The s-lgt curves were drawn to fit with the standard curve and the parameters by using Hantush-Jacob model were obtained.The four drills in testing field were selected for slug tests,adopting the water-poured method and the slugged method.Six tests were carried out to observe the relationship between the water level recovering and the time.Cooper model was fitted with standard curve and obtained the parameters.The test results showed that pumping test involving the larger range.Testing values reflected the horizontal arithmetic mean of K within the influence radius in the field.However,the slug test dealt with the smaller range relatively.The values reflected the vertical arithmetic mean of K.Through the comparative analysis on the two testing results,it is found that the one from pumping test was 1.5 times greater than one from slug test.The skin effect was the main reason between the two tests.It was calculated that the value of the skin factor from pumping test was 200.96cm2,which indicated the permeability of the test site is larger than that of the original formation because of the construction and other factors.

关 键 词：水文地质参数 抽水试验 微水试验 皮肤效应 

分 类 号：TU491.33[建筑科学—土工工程]