纳秒高压脉冲电阻分压器的结构优化  

Structure Optimization of Resistance Divider for Measuring Nanosecond High Voltage Pulse

作　　者：胡景森[1] 陈炜峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国电子技术标准化研究所,北京100007 [2]南京信息工程大学信息与控制学院,南京210044

出　　处：《高压电器》2011年第1期86-90,共5页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：由电阻分压器和存储示波器组成的纳秒级高电压脉冲测量系统中,各组成部分间的阻抗匹配与否,对测量结果影响很大。笔者基于高频电磁场仿真软件FEKO,建立了电阻分压器的仿真模型,分析了其结构对测量结果的影响,并比较了4种典型结构的优劣,对选中的结构进行了过渡段的选型和锥角优化。仿真结果表明,为减小反射,分压器应采取过渡结构,且锥形过渡较佳;分压器输入过渡段锥角对波形上升沿的响应影响较大,使测得的脉冲上升时间延长;输出过渡段锥角影响波形下降沿测量的准确性,可能造成电压波形畸变。优化分析发现输入过渡段最佳锥角为20°左右,输出过渡段可根据测量要求选择较大的锥角。试验证明仿真分析结果正确,依据其所设计的小型电阻分压器性能理想,满足实际测量要求。In a system with resistance voltage divider for measuring nanosecond high vohage pulse, its impedance matching between the divider and else elements influences measuring result much. The simulation model was built based on simulation soft FEKO. Analysis results indicate it would cause reflection, oscillating and changing of the voltage divider ratio when the system impedance mismatch, and the structure of a divider is very important in order to get ideal response performance. Four different typical structures of a resistor divider were analyzed. The results show that conical transition structure is better. The cone angle of input transition section influences the response rising time much, while the cone angle of output transition section influences distortion level of the response fall portion. Optimization shows that the best angle of input transition cone is 20°, and bigger cone angle of output transition can be adopt according to measuring demand. A small voltage divider was designed and developed based on the result of simulation. The experiments show that the conclusion of simulation is proper. The divider performance can satisfy actual demand for measuring nanosecond high voltage pulse.

关 键 词：纳秒高压脉冲 电阻分压器 阻抗匹配 分压器结构 仿真优化 

分 类 号：TM933.213[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]