氮碳添加和丛枝菌根对外来入侵植物豚草的影响  

Effects of nitrogen and carbon addition and arbuscular mycorrhiza on alien invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia

作　　者：黄栋[1,2] 桑卫国[1] 朱丽[1] 宋迎迎[1] 王晋萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第12期3056-3062,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家基础研究发展规划重点项目(2009CB119200);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX-YW-Z-1022)资助

摘　　要：通过温室控制试验,研究了氮碳素添加及丛枝菌根(AM)对外来入侵植物豚草生长的影响.结果表明:氮素添加对豚草的形态指标、生物量及其分配特征和生长速率均没有显著影响,却使豚草地上器官和根的氮含量显著增加;碳素添加增加了土壤中的有效氮含量,促使豚草增加营养吸收器官的生物量分配以缓解养分(氮素)胁迫,导致分枝数、总叶面积、比叶面积和叶生物量比明显降低,总生物量显著减少.豚草与AM真菌共生增强了其适应土壤氮素变化的能力,增加了比叶面积,提高了豚草的资源获取能力,其作用在土壤有效氮含量低时更加明显.AM真菌对豚草适应低氮生境有着重要意义.A greenhouse control experiment was conducted to explore the effects of nitrogen and carbon addition and arbuscular mycorrhiza （ AM） on the growth of alien invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia （ common ragweed） . Nitrogen addition had no significant effects on the morphological indices,biomass and its allocation,and absolute growth rate of A. artemisiifolia,but increased the nitrogen content in the aboveground and underground parts of the plant significantly. Carbon addition increased the content of soil available nitrogen. In this case,the biomass allocation in root system for nutrient （ nitrogen） absorption promoted,resulting in a remarkable decrease of branch number,total leaf area,specific leaf area （ SLA） ,and leaf mass ratio. As a result,the total biomass decreased significantly. The symbiosis of A. artemisiifolia and AM fungi had great influence on the common ragweed’s soil nitrogen acclimation,which enhanced its resource-capture by the increase of SLA,and this effect was more significant when the soil nitrogen content was low. AM fungi played an important role in the growth of A. artemisiifolia in low-nitrogen environment.

关 键 词：氮素 丛枝菌根 形态 生物量分配 生物入侵 豚草 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]