基于GIS的滑坡灾害危险性区划研究——以重庆市万州区为例  

Study on Landslide Hazard Zonation Based on GIS——Taking Wanzhou District of Chongqing City as an Example

作　　者：楚敬龙[1] 王金生[1] 滕彦国[1] 王小娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2010年第4期409-415,共7页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC04B05)

摘　　要：为了弥补滑坡灾害危险性区划研究中影响因子和等级划分的不确定性,结合前人研究成果,依据斜坡几何形态、岩性、地质构造、河流侵蚀、土地利用类型、人类工程活动、降水条件等影响因子与研究区实际已发生的滑坡灾害数之间的关系,编制重庆市万州区滑坡灾害危险性评价标准,并基于GIS技术和信息量模型法,计算滑坡评价因子的信息量,就万州区滑坡危险性进行区划,最后基于乡镇行政区对该区滑坡危险性区划进行细化。结果表明:建设用地、坡高为90～200 m的地形、1 024～1 060 mm的年降雨量以及侏罗系中统上沙溪庙组岩层等因素对万州区滑坡发生影响较大;根据滑坡灾害危险性评价标准,万州区滑坡灾害被划分为高、中、低、极低等4个危险区;应用信息量模型法得到的万州区滑坡危险性区划与实际情况比较吻合;高危险区和中危险区面积分别为564.4 km2和848.6 km2,分别占万州区总面积的16.3%和24.5%,主要分布于长江干流及支流两岸的居民相对集中区以及公路干线地段;高危险和中危险乡镇主要分布在万州区经济较为发达的长江干流两岸,尤其是左岸的黄柏乡、太龙镇、天城镇、李河镇等以及万州主城区。In order to make up the uncertainty of impact factor and classification while studying landslide hazard zonation,based on previous research results,assessment criteria of landslide hazard in Wanzhou District of Chongqing City was documented according to the relationship between the number of happened landslide hazard in the research area and the impact factors,such as slope geometry,lithology,geological structure,river erosion,land use type,human engineering activity,precipitation condition,and so on;based on GIS and information content model,information content of evaluation factor of landslide was calculated,landslide hazard zonation in Wanzhou District was divided;finally,landslide hazard zonation was subdivided according to the administrative district of villages and towns in Wanzhou District.The result showed that construction land,slope elevation（90-200 m）,annual precipitation（1 024-1 060 mm） and Upper Shaximiao Formation of Middle Jurassic System were major factors to cause landslide;landslide hazard in Wanzhou District was divided into high,medium,low and very low dangerous zones according to the assessment criteria;landslide hazard zonation divided by the information model coincided with the fact result;the areas of high and medium dangerous zones were 564.4 km2 and 848.6 km2,and 16.3% and 24.5% of the total area of Wanzhou District,and the zones included arterial highway and relative centralized residential area which located at both sides of the Yangtze and its triburary;high and medium dangerous villages and towns included both sides of the Yangtze which were developed areas,especially Huangbai Village,Tailong Town,Tiancheng Town,Lihe Town and main zone of Wanzhou District.

关 键 词：滑坡 信息量模型 危险性区划 行政区 GIS 重庆市 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] P208[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]