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作 者:于建光[1] 常志州[1] 李瑞鹏[1] 徐跃定[1] 张建英[1]
机构地区:[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014
出 处:《江苏农业学报》2010年第6期1252-1257,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基 金:国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD17B01-01);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(09)622]
摘 要:通过模拟麦秸还田初期的田间状况,设计15 d的3因素麦秸浸泡试验,评估农艺措施(破碎、接种腐熟剂和施用尿素)对稻麦轮作田麦秸腐解初期生化特征的影响,进而为合理采用农艺措施,减轻秸秆还田负面效应提供理论依据。结果表明:增大秸秆破碎程度有利于15 d浸泡麦秸残留率的下降;增大秸秆破碎程度、接种腐熟剂和施用尿素均可显著提高浸提液pH值;施用尿素可显著增强浸提液纤维素酶活性;增大秸秆破碎程度和施用尿素能极显著提高浸提液总酚酸含量,极显著降低水稻发芽指数,浸提液总酚酸含量和水稻发芽指数间呈显著负相关(r=-0.766,P<0.01);增大秸秆破碎程度、接种腐熟剂和施用尿素均有助于提高浸提液铵态氮与总磷含量,而浸提液硝态氮含量主要受施用尿素的影响。因此,在麦秸淹水还田时,需要对通常采用的麦秸破碎并在早期多施用氮肥的传统农艺措施加以重新评估。In order to evaluate the effects of farming pratices(wheat straw fragmentation,microbial inoculants,and urea) on physical,chemical and microbial properties of wheat straw and its extract through short-term decomposition,a 15-d experiment with three factors was carried out to simulate the practical field condition after wheat straw returning.The results indicated that increasing the fragmentation degree was helpful for the decrease of wheat straw residual rate.All of the farming practices employed in the experiment raised the pH value of wheat straw extracts,the contents of NH4+ and total phosphorus significantly.The cellulase activity in wheat straw extracts treated with urea was enhanced significantly.The practices of increasing fragmentation degree and urea application increased the total phenolic acids content in wheat straw extracts significantly,but decreased the germination index of rice significantly(P0.01).The content of NO3-in wheat straw extract was affected by urea application.The total phenolic acids content and the germination index of rice correlated negatively(r=-0.766,P0.01).In conclusion,the practice of fragmentation and urea application in the early growth stage of rice after wheat straw returning to field should be reevaluated.
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