籼型三系杂交水稻主要农艺性状配合力研究  

Studies on Combining Ability of Major Agronomic Characters in Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice

作　　者：廖伏明[1] 周绅炉 盛孝邦[2] 阳和华[1] 徐秋生[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物学报》1999年第5期622-631,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家"九五"攻关重点项目杂交水稻育种材料;方法研究课题(96-002-02-02)资助.

摘　　要：选择具有广泛代表性的6个不育系和9个恢复系,采用NCⅡ交配设计分析12个农艺性状的配合力.结果表明:①除主茎剑叶长、结实率和千粒重三性状非加性效应不明显外,其他性状的加性效应和非加性效应均有显著作用,且均以加性变异为主,但单株产量、相对日产量及单株穗数三性状非加性变异较大.②主茎剑叶长、穗长和千粒重三性状受不育系的影响稍大,其他性状均受恢复系的影响更大,但不育系对相对日产量、单株产量和每穗总粒数等性状也有相当大的作用.③参试的不育系以金23A、V20A和优ⅠA较好,恢复系以207和644最好,明恢63在配制生育期较长的杂交中稻高产组合中是一个很好的亲本.④亲本一般配合力与特殊配合力在各性状上均是相互独立的;一般配合力与亲本自身的表型值则有一定程度的正相关,说明在育种中必须注意亲本自身性状的改良.15 widespread elite indica parents, including 6 CMS lines and 9 restorers, were chosen, and a 6×9 NC Ⅱ mating design was completed. The combining ability of 12 agronomic characters was determined. The results showed that;①Both additive and nonadditive effects were significant in all 12 characters except flag leaf length of main culm(FLLMC), seed setting rate (SSR) and 1000-grain weight(TGW) in which the nonadditive effects were insignificant; the additive variation was principal in all characters, but the nonadditive variation was also considerable in grain weight /plant (GWP) , relatively daily grain yield (RDGY) and panicles/plant (PP). ②Except FLLMC, panicle length (PL) and TGW, all characters were influenced more greatly by restorer line than by CMS line, but there was a relatively great effect of CMS line on RDGY, GWP and spikelets/panicle(SP). ③Based on the gca effects and sca variances of the parents, CMS lines Jing 23A, V20A and You I A and restorers 207 and 644 were recommendable, and Minghui 63 was a very good restorer line in developing hybrid rice with late maturity.④The gca and sca effects were independent each other, which suggests that it is essential to make widely testcrosses in the selection of hybrid combinations; There existed a positive correlation between gca and phenotypic value of parents, which indicates that great attention must be paid to the improvement of parent own characters in hybrid rice breeding.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 籼型 三系法 农艺性状 配合力 水稻 

分 类 号：S511.035.1[农业科学—作物学]