枯草芽孢杆菌的定殖能力及对玉米纹枯病的防治效果  

Colonization Ability of Bacillus subtilis and its Protective Effect against Rhizoctonia solani

作　　者：邱小燕[1] 张敏[1] 胡晓[1] 汤智鹏[1] 万津瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2010年第4期492-496,共5页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省公益研究计划项目(2008FG0017);四川省教育厅项目(07ZS001)

摘　　要：从玉米植株根际土壤分离出的枯草芽孢杆菌菌株"515-126"对玉米纹枯病菌有较强的抑制作用。为了解该菌株的具体防治效果,本试验利用该菌株的抗利福平突变菌株,分别测定了其在玉米植株的根际土壤、根表和玉米叶鞘的定殖能力及其对玉米纹枯病的田间防治效果。结果表明,该菌株在根际土壤、根表有很好地定殖力,在叶鞘的定殖力较差,在灭菌土中的定殖力要强于大田里的定殖力;施入该菌株60 d后,根际土壤的菌量在大田土中下降92.8%,在灭菌土中上升15%;在45 d后,根系的菌量在大田土中下降68.9%,在灭菌土中为初始菌量的4.46倍;在40 d后,叶鞘的菌量在大田土中下降达99.95%,在灭菌土壤中下降达99.91%。该菌株在田间对玉米纹枯有一定防治效果,相对防效达到49.37%,低于井冈霉素(60.76%)。本试验的研究结果对于提高和稳定该菌的生防效果,制定科学的防治技术有重要意义。The soil bacteria Bacillus subtilis ＂515-126＂,which was isolated from maize soil rhizosphere,was an effective biological control of Rhizoctonia solani.In order to understand the prevention effects of the strain,the colonization ability of maize soil,maize root surface and maize sheath and its prevention effects on Rhizoctonia solani were determined respectively in this study.The results indicated that the colonization ability of the strain in both soil and root surface was good,but poor in maize sheath,and the colonization ability of the sterile soil was stronger than that of the raw soils.After being inoculated in soil,the population of strain ＂515-126＂ decreased by 92.8% in raw soils and increased by 15% in sterile soils after 60 days;the population of strain ＂515-126＂ on maize root surface in raw soils decreased by 68.9% and became 4.46 times of the initial strain in sterile soils after 45 days;the population of strain ＂515-126＂ in maize sheath decreased by 99.95% in raw soils and decreased by 99.91% in sterile soils after 40 days.The strain had some prevention effect on Rhizoctonia solani in the field,and the relative effect was up to 49.37%,which was lower than that of the validamycin（60.76%）.The results of this experiment were of great significance to the improvement and stability of the strain＇s biologically controlling effect and the formulation of scientific prevention techniques.

关 键 词：玉米纹枯病 枯草芽孢杆菌 定殖力 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.131.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]