医务人员血源性传染病职业暴露后心理调查及对策  

Occupational exposure to blood-borne infectious diseases among medical staff:psychological investigation and countermeasures

作　　者：彭凌[1] 郑舟军[2] 周月华[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院附属第三医院护理教研室,浙江瑞安325200 [2]浙江海洋学院医学院护理系,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第1期106-107,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员血源性传染病职业暴露的认知、心理状态,探讨其有效的预防模式及心理干预对策。方法采用回顾性问卷调查2009年1-12月医院30名血源性传染疾病针刺伤后医务人员及实习生的认知、心理状态,并进行描述性统计分析。结果 100.00%医务人员知晓处理针刺伤的正确措施,10.00%实习生不知晓正确的处理措施;69.80%暴露者担心传染上艾滋病,20.20%担心感染乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎,30.00%惧怕感染其他传染病;50.00%被调查者在血液传播性疾病针刺伤时表现为惧怕,16.67%表现为恐惧,10.00%为悲伤心理;针刺伤后再次进行类似操作时36.67%被调查者表现为紧张焦虑但能正常工作心理,16.67%为无法正常工作。结论医务人员血源性传染病针刺伤职业暴露后存在心理障碍,尚缺乏有效的支持体系,因此采取及时有效的心理干预和防护措施是必要的。OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognition and psychological status of professional exposure to blood-bone infectious diseases in medical staff and also explore the intervention strategies. METHODS The cognition and psychological status after exposure to blood-transmitted diseases through needle stick injuries in 30 medical staff and interns from Jan to Dec in 2009 were analyzed. RESULTS All of medical staff knew the correct measures to handle the needle stick injuries and which was 90.00M in interns. The patients worried about the infection of blood-bone diseases, HIV （69.8%）, hepatitis B or C（20.20%） and other diseases （30.00%）. The psychological reaction of the respondents presented were the horror （50.00%）, fear（16.67%）and sorrow （10.00%）. 36.67% of respondents showed the anxiety with similar operation. 16. 67% could not maintain normal work because of fear. CONCLUSION Medical staff often have the psychological problems after occupational exposure of the transmitted needle injuries to blood-bone infectious diseases and there is no effective support systems to proteet them. So it is necessary to establish some effective measures for psychological intervention and protection.

关 键 词：医务人员 血源性 职业暴露 认知 对策 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]