组织间跨国知识流动网络结构分析——基于专利的实证研究  

International knowledge transfer network structure analysis——an empirical study based on Patent Data

作　　者：向希尧[1] 蔡虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《科学学研究》2011年第1期97-105,共9页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(70672057);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(09JZD0030)

摘　　要：跨国知识交流对发展中国家具有十分重要的意义。组织的显性知识与隐性知识经由实物形态的产出和人员交流,即有形和无形的流动渠道得以扩散。基于我国电力系统专利的引用、合作申请以及共同发明人信息,分析和对比了显性和隐性知识的跨国溢出与创新扩散网络结构特征。研究发现,显性知识溢出网络和创新扩散网络相对比较分散,且度分布具有明显的无标度特性。而基于发明人交流的隐性知识流动网络结构明显不同,不仅为组织提供了更多的知识渠道,而且缩短了知识的传播距离并降低了核心节点的信息控制作用,有利于网络中知识传播效率的提高。It is very important for developing countries to acquire knowledge from advanced nation. Explicit knowledge can be codified and has tangible transfer paths, however, tacit knowledge transfer relies on personal interaction. Based on patent citation, co - application and co - inventor of power system related patent data of Chinese assignees, we compare and analyze the structural property of international knowledge, both explicit and tacit, spillover network and innovation diffusion network. The results show that explicit knowledge transfer networks are sparse and concentrated with powerlaw degree distribution. However, the inventors＇ interaction provides firms with more knowledge transfer channels and shorten the average distance of overall network so that constraints core nodes＇ control roles on knowledge flows and enhance the efficiency of knowledge transfer.

关 键 词：知识溢出 专利引用 网络结构 无标度性 小世界网络 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]