幼年期柽柳对不同矿化度微咸水灌溉响应的初步研究  

Priliminary Study on Respond of Tamarxi Ramossisima in Young Period to Irrigation with Different Salinity Slightly Saline Water

作　　者：汪宗飞[1,2] 何新林[2] 张明 

机构地区：[1]新疆农六师五家渠市水利局,新疆五家渠831300 [2]石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2011年第1期6-9,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC17B02);国家自然科学基金项目(40861027)

摘　　要：干旱区玛纳斯河流域水资源严重短缺,防风固沙的人工植被常常不得不利用较高矿化度的地下水进行灌溉。研究采用3种矿化度(1、36、g/L)的微咸水,对2年生柽柳进行补充灌溉。结果表明,较高矿化度微咸水对柽柳生理活动与生长速率具有明显的影响。多枝柽柳的光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率的日变化曲线呈单峰型,日均值呈先增大后减小趋势,矿化度为3 g/L的微咸水能够促进柽柳的光合作用,6 g/L处理使光合作用减小;灌溉水矿化度由1 g/L增大到6 g/L时,在充分供水条件下,柽柳生长速率随灌溉水矿化度的增大而减少,在生长旺盛期,6g/L灌溉的株高、枝长与冠幅生长率分别比1 g/L减少55%、59%。当灌溉水矿化度由1 g/L升高到6 g/L时,柽柳各生育阶段的耗水量呈下降趋势,生育期总耗水量减少16%。Because of the severe shortage of water resource in arid areas of Manas River basin,the sand-fixing artificial vegetation often had to be irrigated with higher degree salinity of groundwater.The study uses three types of salinity level,namely 1 g/L,3 g/L,6 g/L,brackish water to conduct supplement irrigation for Tamarxi ramossisima of two years growth.The results show that the relatively higher salinity level of brackish water has significantly effect on the physical activity and growth rate of Tamarxi ramossisima.The daily variation curves of photosynthetic rate,stoma conductance and transpiration rate appear a single peak,the daily average value has the trend that first increase and then decrease.The salinity level with 3 g/L of brackish water can promote the photosynthesis of Tamarxi ramossisima,while the treatment with 6 g/L can reduce photosynthesis.Under the full water supply conditions,the growth rate of Tamarxi ramossisima decreases with the increase of the salinity level of irrigation water.At the vigorous growth period,the plant height,branch length and crown growth rate of the 6 g/L treatment are decreased by 55%,59% than that of the 1 g/L treatment.When the salinity level of irrigation water increases from 1 g/L to 6 g/L,the water consumption of the tamarisk in each growth period has a decreasing trend,the water consumption for the whole growth period decreases by 16%.The study result will provide a theoretical basis for the local development of the utilization of brackish water resource.

关 键 词：柽柳 幼年期 生长 微咸水 

分 类 号：S273.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]