旅游活动对九华山风景区大型土壤动物群落影响  

Effects of tourism activities on soil macrofauna community in Mount Jiuhua scenic area

作　　者：晋秀龙[1,2] 陆林[2,3] 巩劼[2] 王立龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]滁州学院国土信息工程系,滁州239000 [2]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,重要生物资源保护与利用研究安徽省重点实验室,芜湖241000 [3]安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院,芜湖241000

出　　处：《地理研究》2011年第1期103-114,共12页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学资金(40971083);安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目(AHSK07-08D119);安徽高校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2009B005)

摘　　要：土壤动物是旅游活动对风景区生态系统影响最敏感的环境因素之一,也是旅游生态环境影响研究的重点。在九华山风景区6条主要游道附近选取了8条取样样带,样带设置与游道相垂直。每条样带按照距游道距离的不同设置4个取样样方,每个样方取枯枝落叶层并以5cm为一个层垂直向下取4层土样,用手拣法和网筛法拾取大型土壤动物。共捕获大型土壤动物2076头,隶属于3门8纲27个类群。运用多样性H′指数、集聚度等指标对不同样带和样方的不同土层中捕获的大型土壤动物类群和数量进行对比分析,结果表明:(1)九华山风景区大型土壤动物受到旅游活动的影响明显,旅游活动量越大土壤动物捕获量越少;(2)由近游道向远离游道的水平方向上大型土壤动物的类群和数量呈现递增规律;(3)在垂直分布上土壤动物向表层集聚明显,游憩活动的影响导致大型土壤动物类群和数量的表层聚集度由近游道样方向远离游道样方逐渐增大;(4)旅游活动量与各游道不同样方的捕获量呈现出不同的相关性。Soil animal is one of the most sensitive environmental factors in the scenic area ecosystem influenced by tourism activities, and also the focus of the ecological environment research. Six main trails were chosen and eight investigation belt transects have been set up in Mount Jiuhua scenic area. Each belt transect is mutually perpendicular with the loca- tion of trails. In each sampling belt, four sampling quadrats with different distances away from the trail were investigated. Under the layer of withered defoliation, each sampling quadrat was divided into four layers at an interval of 5cm along the vertical section. The macrofaunas in soil and the layer of withered defoliation were collected by means of hand sorting and boult. A total of 2076 individuals were found to belong to 27 orders, 8 classes, and 3 phyla. In comparison to Shannon-Wiener index （H＇） and gathering degree, the clusters and amounts of soil macrofaunas in different sampling layers of each sampling quadrat situated in different sampling belts were analyzed. The results are obtained as follows. （1） Soil macrofaunas of Mount Jiuhua scenic area were affected obviously by tourism activity, that is, the more the tourism activity is, the less the number of soil animals is. （2） The categories and amount of soil macrofaunas rose gradually with the increase of distance away from the trails. （3） Soil macrofaunas gathered obviously in surface layer of soil in the vertical section. Affected by tourism activity, the gathering degree of soil maerofaunas in surface layer increased in farther sampling quadrats away from the trail. （4） Different correlations were observed. The number of tourists showed a negative correlation with the quantities of soil macrofaunas of 01 and 02 sampling quadrats, and a positive correlation with the quantities of soil macrofaunas of 03 and 04 sampling quadrats. At the same time, this paper used a comparison method to discuss the macrofauna captured in Zheshan hill park and Mount Jiuhua scenic area at a s

关 键 词：旅游活动 大型土壤动物 影响 九华山风景区 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]