北京市农田时空分布与风蚀基本特征  

Spatial-temporal distribution and wind-erosion features of farmland around Beijing

作　　者：王仁德[1,2,3] 邹学勇[2,3] 赵婧妍[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,石家庄050011 [2]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学中国沙漠研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《地理研究》2011年第1期145-152,共8页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD26B03);国家自然科学基金(40971011)

摘　　要：本文采用遥感影像分析、野外实地调查与定点观测的手段对北京市农田的时空分布与风蚀基本特征进行了分析。结果表明：玉米留茬地和翻耕地是京郊主要的风蚀农田类型，其中留茬地在全市各地均有大面积分布，翻耕地主要分布在延庆盆地。近年来，北京市农田大幅减少，但作为主要风蚀农田类型的留茬地和翻耕地面积非但没有减少，甚至还有所增加。留茬地在3～5月中旬地表风蚀较强，耙平后的秋翻耕地风蚀期长达6个月，而不耙平的秋季翻耕仅在4月份风蚀较强。As the capital of China and a world famous metropolis, Beijing has the wind-sand problem, which attracts the attention across the country. The researches on the wind-sand problem of Beijing has been done by many related scholars and placed emphasis on the influence of local sand source. As the largest kind of bare land in Beijing suburbs, farmland is the most important local sand source in this region. This paper studied specially the spatial-temporal distribution and wind-erosion features of farmland around Beijing, which were analyzed with the aid of satellite images, field investigation and fixed-point observation. The results shows that stub keeping and ploughed land are the main wind-erosion farmland around Beijing. Stub keeping land is mainly distributed in Beijing suburbs and ploughed land is mainly in the Yanqing basin. In recent years, the farmland of Beijing reduced large- ly, but the stub keeping and ploughed land has increased. The strong wind-erosion happens in March and April due to stub keeping land, which lasts six months for ploughed and harrowed land, and only happens in April due to ploughed instead of harrowed land. This research can help us get a better understanding of the types, area, distribution and wind-erosion features of the farmland in Beijing suburbs, and establishes basis for the future research on the wind-erosion feature of farmland, wind-erosion quantity, dust emission quantity and its influence on the air environment. It is important for the research of wind-sand movement in Beijing.

关 键 词：农田 时空变化 风蚀特征 北京 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]