小麦吸浆虫幼虫在麦穗上的危害特点及空间分布型研究  

Damage Character and Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Larvae of Wheat Midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana(Géhin) in the Ears of Wheat

作　　者：伏召辉[1] 郑余良 张宝强 张亚 仵均祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学应用昆虫学重点实验室,植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省长安区农业技术推广中心,陕西长安710000

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2011年第1期181-185,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家小麦产业技术体系项目(nycytx-03);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903004-03);陕西省农业厅农业技术重点推广项目

摘　　要：为了解小麦吸浆虫幼虫在麦穗上的危害特点及在麦田的空间分布型,在春季越冬幼虫出土期选择小麦吸浆虫越冬基数不等的麦田4块,在籽粒乳熟期调查小麦吸浆虫危害程度的基础上,运用扩散系数、聚集度指标、聚集指数、平均拥挤度、聚块性指标、负二项分布参数等聚集指标及Iwao的x*x-珚回归法和Taylor幂函数法,综合分析小麦吸浆虫幼虫在麦穗上的空间分布型。结果表明,小麦吸浆虫的危害程度在田块间差异很大,且危害程度与春季的幼虫越冬基数无关;在麦穗不同部位,总体趋势是上、中部受害程度大于下部,但不同田块之间有差异。以麦穗为单位时,幼虫在麦田的空间分布型属于聚集分布;以麦穗不同部位为单位时,幼虫在麦田的空间分布型也属于聚集分布,且与密度有关。聚集均数λ值的测定结果表明,小麦吸浆虫幼虫的聚集成因主要由自身的生物学特性和环境因素所决定。To overall understand the damage characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of the larvae of wheat midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana（Géhin） in ears of wheat,was the basis for forecast and prevention of this insect.The wheat ears were selected from four fields with different numbers of overwintered larvae at yellow mature stage of wheat.Based on the damage degrees of wheat midge by checking larvae number on per ear or spikelet,methods of diffusion coefficient,aggregated indices,aggregation index,mean crowding,Lloyd index,negative binomial distribution parameter,Iwao＇s way（regressive relation by x＊-） and power law of Taylor were applied to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of wheat midge larvae in the ears of wheat.The results showed that damage by the wheat midge was different in the four fields.No obvious relationship was found between damage and the number of overwinter larvae in spring.In general,the upper and middle part of wheat ears were damaged more severely than the lower,but varied in different fields.Spatial distribution pattern of wheat midge larvae in wheat fields belonged to aggregation distribution with one wheat-ear as a sampling unit.Spatial distribution pattern of wheat midge larvae in four wheat fields belonged to aggregation distribution and was relative to density with any part of wheat-ear as a sampling unit.It was tested by aggregation mean and the aggregation of larvae was determined by their own biological characteristics and environmental factors.

关 键 词：小麦吸浆虫 麦穗 危害 空间分布型 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S435.122.1