中国产业用水增长质量的时空分异分析  

Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Differences in the Quality of Industrial Water Utilization Growth in China

作　　者：孙才志[1] 刘乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,大连116029

出　　处：《资源科学》2011年第1期56-63,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金:"社会主义新农村建设中的虚拟水战略"(编号:07BJY066);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目:"中国农产品虚拟水流动格局的形成机理;资源生态效应与维持机制研究"(编号:10YJA790163)

摘　　要：基于经济学中的边际思想,运用全分解模型计算出1997年-2007年中国以及31个地区(台湾、香港和澳门除外)产业用水的规模边际、技术边际与结构边际,分析了中国产业用水边际效应的时空分异规律;通过构建产业用水增长质量指数,分析了中国产业用水增长质量的时间分异特征,运用Gini系数、Theil指数分析其空间分异特征。结果表明:研究期内,中国产业用水增长质量在总体和局部都呈现提升的态势,但提升速度存在明显差异,产业用水增长质量总体差异在逐年增大,在总体差异的组成中,东部、中部、西部地区间和东部地区内部差异贡献比例较大。导致中国产业用水增长质量指数存在差异的最重要因素是各地区经济发展水平的不同。为此,平衡经济发展,适当加大中西部地区水资源利用与管理投资力度,是全面提升产业用水增长质量,缩小地区差异的关键所在。Problems associated with how to quantify the quality of water utilization growth has become an urgent issue in the water resources community, since it is important for the sustainable development of water resources. Based on the margin idea in economics, three types of margin effects of industrial water utilization, i.e., scale margin effect, technology margin effect, and structure margin effect, in China and its 31 administerial regions （not including Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao） across the period 1997 -2007 were calculated by the Complete Decomposition model. Characteristics of spatial-temporal differences in the three margin effects were comprehensively analyzed. The index of the quality of industrial water utilization growth was constructed, on the based of which, characteristics of the temporal differences in the quality of industrial water utilization growth were analyzed. The spatial characteristics were also analyzed by this index combined with the method of the Gini coefficient and Theil index. Results show that over the study period, there existed an increasing trend in the quality of industrial water utilization growth in the whole country and the individual regions, but the increasing rate varied significantly among different regions. In general, the increasing rate in the eastern region was faster than that in the middle and western regions. Such differences showed an increasing trend over time. The differences among the eastern, middle and western regions and that within the eastern region play a dominant role in the composition of the total difference. It was found that the quality of water utilization growth suggests a high correlation with the economic development level. The difference in regional economic development level appears to be the major cause of the difference in the quality of water utilization growth. In order to substantially improve the quality of water utilization growth, on the one hand, it is suggest that the government shift the investment in water utilization and manageme

关 键 词：产业用水 全分解模型 增长质量指数 GINI系数 THEIL指数 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]