我国优秀女子跳高运动员竞技状态形成过程个案分析  

Case Analysis on Competition State Formation of Elite Women High Jumpers in China

作　　者：周凯岚[1] 李建臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京100088

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2011年第1期67-71,共5页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：北京市重点实验室开放课题"(京A.2006-2);国家级优秀教学团队计划项目(GJJT09-11)的资助

摘　　要：采用文献法、追溯法和逻辑分析法对九运会女子跳高冠军景雪竹年度训练内容、方法、负荷进程进行个案分析,指出为便于训练的控制,训练安排中应从身体训练与技术训练2条线来进行。讨论了她的年度双周期训练中训练期和比赛期的内容安排的时间、空间顺序,是从基本技术的改进和基础力量的提高进入,过渡到专项技术的改进和专项力量的提高,再到专项能力的提高,最后达到最佳的竞技状态;分析了上半年与下半年训练期的区别与联系以及在年度训练计划制定时,应着重解决好训练方法的选择、练习顺序、比例和训练节奏安排;论述年度训练内容、方法安排应体现连续性与阶段性、绝对变化与相对稳定的统一;说明训练课及其训练手段方法选择是安排训练负荷的基础;提出在训练进程中,区别总量与分量,能够避免身体局部负担过重,防止损伤;印证年度训练中只有把握身体训练负荷与专项训练负荷的合理组合才能不断提高训练强度,并在此过程中建立起运动员的信心,最终形成最佳竞技状态。By using the method of literature review, retrospective and logical analysis, this paper made case analysis on annual training content,method and load process of JING Xue-zhu, the champion of women＇s high jump in 9th National Games, pointed out that the training arrangement would be conducted from both the physical training and technical training for convenience of better control on training. The time and space order of the content in the training cycle and competition cycle of the annual double macro-cycles are discussed. The first step is the improvement of basic technique and strength, the second is the improvement of specific technique and strength and the third is the improvement of specific ability, finally reach the best competition state. The difference and relationship between the training cycles of the first half and second half of the year is analyzed. The training method, the order, proportion of practice and proper training pace shall be confirmed during formulating the annual training plan. The author indicates that the annual training content and method arrangement shall reflect the harmony of continuity and period as well as the absolute change and comparative stability, the confirmation of training courses and the training method load are the basis of arrangement of training load. During the process of training, the gross load and component load shall be distinguished in order to avoid partial overload and injury; corroborates that only the reasonable combination of physical training load and specific training load during the annual training can consistently improve the training intensity, build the athlete＇s confidence and finally form a best competition state.

关 键 词：训练内容 训练方法 训练负荷 竞技状态 训练的控制 专项强度 

分 类 号：G823.1[文化科学—体育训练]