基于EPG的麦长管蚜、麦二叉蚜和禾谷缢管蚜取食行为比较  

Comparative of feeding behaviors of Sitobion avenae,Sitobion graminum and Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) using electrical penetration graph (EPG)

作　　者：苗进 武予清 郁振兴 段云 蒋月丽 李国平 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学研究院植物保护研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第1期175-182,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(nycytx-03);农业公益性行业科研专项(200803002-06)

摘　　要：麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabricius),麦二叉蚜Schizaphis graminum(Rondani)和禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)虽然都取食小麦,但其取食部位、传毒能力均有差异。利用EPG研究了3种麦蚜在同一寄主植物上的取食行为,结果显示:(1)禾谷缢管蚜在取食过程中G波出现的时间最早,G波总的持续时间和每次刺探G波的平均持续时间都明显长于麦长管蚜和麦二叉蚜。麦长管蚜第1次E1波的时间、E1波总的持续时间和每次刺探E1波的平均持续时间都明显比麦二叉蚜和禾谷缢管蚜要长。麦二叉蚜E2波总的持续时间和每次刺探E2波的平均持续时间都明显长于麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜。表明3种蚜虫各自拥有不同取食策略。禾谷缢管蚜比其它两种蚜虫需要更多的水分和无机盐,麦长管蚜通过分泌大量唾液增大对食物的利用率,麦二叉蚜通过增加韧皮部取食时间以满足对营养的需要。(2)刺探过程中麦二叉蚜pd波出现的次数为(51.97±7.82)次,高于麦长管蚜的(44.73±4.52)次和禾谷缢管蚜的(32.99±4.22)次。麦二叉蚜pd波Ⅱ-2和Ⅱ-3亚波的时间最长,禾谷缢管蚜最短,三者之间差异达显著水平。表明与其它两种麦蚜相比,麦二叉蚜在取食过程中口针与细胞间的接触频率更高,与细胞内获毒和传毒相关的Ⅱ-3波和Ⅱ-2波持续时间更长,增加了获毒和传毒的几率,是其传毒能力最强的机理。Wheat is the most widely cultivated crop in the world.Yet,its yield and quality are severely affected by fungal and insect pests.Among the insect pests of wheat,cereal aphids frequently cause significant damage.The species of aphids commonly infesting cereals in China are the grain aphids,Sitobion avenae,Sitobion graminum and Rhopalosiphum padi.They can substantially reduce cereal yield and quality because of their capacity for extremely rapid population growth.Moreover,injury by those cereal aphids is both direct,through injection of chemical substances in saliva and mechanical damage,as well as indirect,through the effect of honeydew and pathogenic fungi.In addition,they are all a vector of barley yellow dwarf virus.However,the three species of wheat aphids have different feeding sites and virus transmission ability.The objective of the study was to study the potential machanism of separation in ecologic niche and virus transmission ability by analysing the feeding behaviors of three species aphids.Their feeding behaviors on one wheat variety（ZhengMai 9023） were comparatively tested using electrical penetration graph（EPG） and an image analysis system.The EPG technique was used because it provides continuous information on feeding/probing events.The main results are shown as follows：（1） The xylem ingestion（waveform G） of R.padi occurred earliest（98.11±27.26min） among the three species of wheat aphids（P0.05）,and both total duration of waveform G（94.37±22.42min） along with its average duration per probe（45.62±18.82）min were all significantly longer than those of S.avenae and S.graminum（P0.05）.Total duration of salivation into sieve elements（waveform E1） and its duration per probe of S.avenae（（33.23±6.17）min and（7.62±1.72）min,respectively） were all the longest among the three aphid species（P0.05）.However,the total duration of phloem ingestion（waveform E2） of S.graminum（159.71±13.53）min and its duration per probe（84.32±16.85）min were signif

关 键 词：麦长管蚜 麦二叉蚜 禾谷缢管蚜 EPG 取食策略 传毒 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]