基于LCIA的多目标环境影响评价  

Multi-objective environmental impact assessment based on LCIA

作　　者：刘志峰[1] 孙博[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50775061);广东省经贸委资助项目(20070105-1)

摘　　要：文章引入多目标评价的思想,在生命周期环境影响评价中,突破传统的只注重危害性单一目标的评价方法,综合考虑各类环境影响的治理难易性目标及危害性目标,在设计阶段,遵循危害大且难处理的环境影响应最优先考虑(如温室气体),危害小且易处理的环境影响应最少考虑的原则,建立了一套新的多目标的环境影响评价方法,用以支持绿色设计方案的选择;最后引用该方法对一款典型洗碗机产品进行了分析,得出该款洗碗机产品各环境影响综合重要度排序及总的综合环境影响指数。采用该方法可直观地找出设计中最需要关注的改进点及该款洗碗机总的绿色水平,因此可有效地支持机电产品的绿色设计。This paper introduces the idea of multi-objective assessment in the process of life cycle impact assessment（LCIA）. This method takes various targets of harmfulness and difficulty of dealing with the harmfulness into account, which is a breakthrough of the traditional method that only focuses on single objective of harmfulness. In the design phase, following the principle that the environmental impacts more harmful and more difficult to be dealt with should be allocated with top priority and the environmental impacts less harmful and easy to be dealt with be taken least consideration, the paper establishes a new multi-objective assessment method, that can be used to support the choice of green design programs. A typical product of dishwasher is assessed via this method, and the overall importance sequence and total index of environmental impacts are acquired. The improvement points in the design program and the overall green level of the dishwasher can be found out by the presented method, which effectively supports the green design of electromechanical products.

关 键 词：绿色设计 生命周期影响评价 AHP方法 

分 类 号：TH12[机械工程—机械设计及理论]