不同复种模式对云南植烟红壤根区有机碳和微生物量碳的影响  

Effect of Different Mode of Alternating Crop-planting on Content of Organic Carbon and Microbial Biomass Carbon in the Soil Within Tobacco Root Regions in Yunnan,China

作　　者：官会林[1] 郭云周[2] 张云峰 刘建香[2] 尹小怀 罗余红 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学能源与环境学院,昆明650092 [2]云南师范大学生命科学学院,昆明650092 [3]云南农业科学研究院,农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205 [4]富源县农业技术推广中心,云南富源655500 [5]云南彝良县第一中学,云南彝良657600

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第1期133-138,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803029-04);国家自然科学基金(40861019);国家“十一五”科技支撑(2007BAD87B12);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009zx07102-004)

摘　　要：建立合理的轮作制是解决烟草种植土壤障碍的有效途径。云南植烟地块,在秋冬季节主要以轮作小麦、紫花苕、豆类及蔬菜等作物为主,在云南曲靖和晋宁烟草种植区,选择了小麦收获后留根茬(20cm左右)翻压后种植烟草(麦-烟),紫花苕子收获后留根茬(30cm左右)翻压后种植烟草(绿-烟)、豆类(豆-烟)和蔬菜(菜-烟)收获后根茬及秸秆全部移除地外种植烟草的4种轮作模式,研究了不同模式对植烟红壤微生物碳(SMBC)及土壤有机碳(SOC)的影响。结果表明:绿-烟和豆-烟复种模式下,植烟生长期内根区SMBC及SOC均高于麦-烟、菜-烟复种及冬闲地,并且差异达显著或极显著水平;不同复种模式下,SMBC、SOC及SMBC/SOC间呈显著相关性,绿-烟及豆-烟复种模式有利于提高SMBC与SOC含量,延长土壤活性功能,SMBC曲线变化的高峰值均出现在成熟期,其余模式则出现在旺长期;不同模式对提高SMBC与SOC含量影响为:绿-烟>豆-烟>麦-烟>冬闲地>菜-烟。据此认为土壤SMBC或SMBC/SOC可作为轮作模式影响烟地红壤质量变化的生物学评价指标。A reasonable alternating crop-planting mode is regarded as to be an effective way to build a soil environment favorable for the tobacco growing.In the tobacco growing regions in Yunnan,cultivated lands were usually used to grow wheat,light purple sweet potato leaves,beans,vegetables and other crops in the fall and winters and grow tobacco in summers.In this work,four alternating growing modes：wheat-tobacco,green-tobacco,beans-tobacco,vegetables-tobacco,were comparatively tested in Qujing and Jinning with aiming at investigating effects of different alternating tobacco growing mode on the content of organic carbon（SOC） and micro-biomass carbon（SMBC） in the soil within tobacco root regions.Results showed that contents of SOC and SMBC in the soil for the green-tobacco and beans-tobacco modes were significantly higher than those for wheat-tobacco,vegetables-tobacco and no planting in the winter modes.It was also found that the content of SOC and SMBC was related to the ratio of SMBC to SOC for all modes,the green-tobacco and beans-tobacco modes were favorable for increasing contents of SOC and SMBC and lasting the activation of soil,contents of SMBC were peaked in the tobacco ripe period for the green-tobacco and beans-tobacco modes and peaked in the fast growing period for other modes.The effects of different mode on the SOC and SMBC ranked in the order from strong and weak as：green-tobacco,bean-tobacco,wheat-tobacco,no planting in winters,vegetable-tobacco.A conclusion can be drawn that the content of SMBC or SMBC/SOC can be regarded to be an indication to evaluate soil biological environment for the growing of tobacco.

关 键 词：植烟轮作 土壤微生物量碳 土壤有机碳 生物学评价 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]