白桦强化种子园优良家系选择  

Family Selection from Intensive Seed Orchard of Betula platyphylla

作　　者：姜静[1] 杨光[1] 祝泽兵[1] 杨玉林[1] 杨世桢 

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种与生物技术教育部重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040 [2]吉林市林业科学研究院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2011年第1期1-4,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划专题(2006BAD01A1603;2006BAD24B05);国家林业局项目(2009002)

摘　　要：以白桦强化种子园内34个半同胞家系5年生子代为研究对象，分析其生长和材质性状，结果表明：树高、胸径、木材密度、纤维宽度、苯醇抽提物质量分数和综纤维素质量分数在家系问差异极显著，家系选择潜力较大，家系遗传力为0．60～0．97，且以综纤维素质量分数的家系遗传力最大（0．97）。各性状的遗传变异系数以苯醇抽提物质量分数最大，为20．39％，胸径的遗传变异系数次之，为19．52％，其它性状如树高、木材密度、纤维宽度和综纤维素质量分数的遗传变异系数较小，均不超过10％。参试家系与对照家系的LSD多重比较表明：以树高和胸径生长量为评价指标，各有8个家系显著大于对照家系；以木材密度为评价指标，有5个家系显著大于对照家系；以苯醇抽提物质量分数和综纤维素质量分数为评价指标，各有2个家系显著优于对照家系。利用多性状综合选择指数法，选出了9、19、20、7、16、44号6个优良家系，入选优良家系的树高、胸径和纤维宽度的平均遗传增益分别为16．56％、37．26％、19．16％；苯醇抽提物质量分数的平均遗传增益为-14．30％，这是期望的反向遗传增益；木材密度、综纤维素质量分数的平均遗传增益较小，分别为2．20％、1．57％。试验结果可为东北东部生态造林区白桦单板类胶合板材和纸浆材定向培育供应良种，也为种子园改造及营建第2代种子园提供帮助。A survey was conducted to study the variation in growth and wood quality traits of five-year-old open-pollinated proge- ny of half-sib families from an intensive seed orchard of Betula platyphylla. There were extremely significant differences in heigbt, diameter at breast height（ DBH）, wood density, fiber width, benzene-alcohol extractive content and holooellulose content among families, indicating that there was great potential for family selection in these traits. Family heritabihty of these traits ranged from 0.60 to 0.97, and the holocellulose content showed the highest heritability （0.97）. The genetic variation coefficient of benzene-alcohol extractive content and DBH reached 20.39% and 19.52% respectively, but the other traits did not reach 10% at all. The LSD muhiple comparison test between the tested families and the control family showed that eight families were significantly higher than tile control family in height and DBH growth respectively; five families were significantly higher in wood density; two families were significantly better in benzene-alcohol extractive content and holocellulose content respectively. Six superior families were selected by the Smith-Hazel comprehensive index method. For the six selected families, the average genetic gains of height, DBH, fiber width and benzene-alcohol extractive content were 16.56%, 37.26% , 19.16% and -14.30% respectively. Benzene-alcohol extractive content showed an expected reversed genetic gain. The average genetic gains of wood density and holocellulose content were lower, which were 2.20% and 1.57% respectively. The six selected superior families could provide elite variety for the oriented cultivation of birch plywood and pulpwood in the eastern part of Northeast China.

关 键 词：白桦 强化种子园 子代测定 性状变异 家系选择 

分 类 号：S792.153[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.33[农业科学—林学]