社会抚养费法律性质考察——从若干相关行政、司法实践而展开  

An Inquiry into the Legal Nature of Social Foster Fees:A View Based on Administrative and Judicial Practice

作　　者：湛中乐[1] 伏创宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2011年第1期104-113,共10页Law and Social Development

基　　金：司法部"国家法治与法学理论研究项目"一般课题"公民生育权与社会抚养费制度研究"(07SFB2013)

摘　　要：社会抚养费制度作为计划生育政策推行和保障的一项重要措施,其法律性质为何依然争议不断。通过分析近年来有关社会抚养费的司法判决可以发现,实践中仍然有不少行政部门和司法部门将征收社会抚养费作为一种行政处罚对待。从社会抚养费的规范依据和理论基础来看,将社会抚养费当成一种行政处罚均难以成立。社会抚养费应当属于超生对社会所造成负担的一种经济补偿。对社会抚养费征收的对象、标准、程序和对权利限制的制度都有待重新评估。As a major measure of birth control in China, social foster fees have raised some controversy on its legal nature. Through the analysis of recent judicial judgments on social foster fees, we can see some administrative and judicial organs regard social foster fees as administrative penalty. Viewing the normative and theoretical basis of social foster fees, we can hardly say that social foster fee is a type of administrative penalties. It should be a sort of economic remedies due to the burden that extra-birth takes to the society. A reassessment is necessary on the objects, standard, procedure, and limitation to the levy of social foster fees.

关 键 词：计划生育 社会抚养费 行政处罚 经济补偿 司法裁判 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]