流动人口避孕节育干预对计划生育服务与需求的影响  

Analysis of the Effects of Contraceptive Intervention Program on the Service and Demand of Family Planning Among Migrants

作　　者：武俊青[1] 李玉艳[1] 叶江枫[2] 张玉凤[1] 赵瑞[1] 郑晓瑛[3] 詹绍康[4] 程建萍 杨廷忠[6] 

机构地区：[1]上海市计划生育科学研究所国家人口计生委计划生育药具重点实验室,200032 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]北京大学人口研究所 [4]复旦大学公共卫生学院 [5]上海市闵行区人口计生委 [6]浙江大学医学院

出　　处：《国际生殖健康／计划生育杂志》2011年第1期45-49,共5页Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI15B03)

摘　　要：目的:了解流动人口避孕节育干预对计划生育/避孕节育、服务与需求的影响。方法:选择上海市闵行区作为研究现场,采用多阶段整群抽样的方法,从流动人口集中的工厂、建筑工地、服务娱乐场所抽取入选对象2 001例,随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组除给予常规计划生育服务外,还进行包括倡导、动员、管理、培训、宣传教育、咨询服务、技术服务、随访服务和转诊机制等各项干预活动。对照组仅给予常规计划生育服务。分别在基线调查和干预活动开展12个月后的评估调查时对服务对象进行面对面的结构式问卷调查,调查内容包括一般人口学特征、流动特征、接受计划生育服务情况及需求情况。结果:评估调查时随访到1 791例(失访率10.49%)。评估调查时干预组办理《婚育证明》的比例增加(P<0.000 1),对照组2次调查时差异无统计学意义;评估调查时干预组和对照组对象接受宣传教育、技术、随访服务的比例均显著提高,且除宣传教育外,干预组显著高于对照组。学历、工作场所、平均月收入、流动方式、户籍地均影响研究对象的宣传教育和咨询服务需求,婚姻状况、性别和在现居住地居住时间对宣传教育服务也有影响。结论:以工作场所为基础的综合干预有助于提高流动人口接受计划生育宣传教育、咨询、随访和技术服务,但未发现影响流动人口的宣传教育和咨询服务需求。Objective： To evaluate the effect of contraceptive intervention program on family planning/contraceptive management,service and demand among floating population in Minhang District,Shanghai.Methods： Through multi-stage cluster sampling,2000 migrants were selected.These migrants centralized in factories,constructive area and entertainment area of Minghang District,Shanghai City were recruited into control and intervention team,respectively.The control group received the ordinary contraceptive service.Besides the ordinary service,the intervention group also received many sorts of interventions,including training,advisory service,follow-up service,and so on.Twelve months after the intervention,evaluation survey were conducted,to evaluate the effects of contraceptive intervention program on the service and demand of family planning.Results： Total 2 001 migrants were surveyed in the baseline and 1 791 migrants were followed in the evaluation survey.There was significant increase on terms of the proportion of who possessed marriage certification among the intervention group（P0.000 1）.Evaluation survey showed that,as regards the proportion of services received,the intervention group was higher than the control group including counseling,technology,and follow-up services.Multi-logistic regression analysis showed that education,the workplace,the average monthly income,flow patterns and the household registration were the influencing factors on demand for educational and counseling services,while marital status,gender,and residence time in the current place also had an impact on communication and education service.Conclusions： The workplace-based integrated intervention can improve migrants to accept family planning communication and education,counseling,follow-up and technical services,but no influence on demand for educational and consulting services can be found.

关 键 词：人口 居住流动性 避孕 计划生育服务 卫生服务需求 干预性研究 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]