双季稻田马铃薯不同覆盖栽培对土壤酶活性的影响  

Soil enzyme activity in spring potato fields under different mulching practices in double rice cropping area

作　　者：林叶春[1] 曾昭海[1] 唐海明[2] 肖小平[2] 汤文光[2] 杨光立[2] 胡跃高[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2011年第1期13-18,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD15B02)资助

摘　　要：为探讨双季稻区春马铃薯不同覆盖模式下稻田土壤酶活性的变化情况,在大田条件下,以露地处理为对照,设置稻草、无纺布、稻草+无纺布、黑膜、稻草+黑膜5种覆盖处理。结果表明:地表覆盖显著影响土壤酶活性。其中,稻草覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶酶活性,分别较对照提高17.55%、24.77%和87.2%;稻草+无纺布覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高芳基酰胺酶和脱氢酶活性,分别较对照提高8.03%和71.05%;黑膜覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性,分别较对照提高23.44%、22.70%、37.43%和146.30%;稻草+黑膜覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高β-葡萄糖苷酶、芳基酰胺酶、碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性,分别较对照提高34.76%、19.31%、19.03%、51.98%和125.62%。由此得出,覆盖稻草并加盖黑膜可显著提高与土壤养分循环有关的主要土壤酶活性,利于提高土壤质量。An experiment was designed to explore the effects of different surface mulching practices on soil β-glucosidase, arylamidase, alkalinephosphatase, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase activities in spring potato fields in double rice cropping areas. Surface mulching practices included zero mulching （CK）, rice straw mulching, non-woven fabric mulching, rice straw plus non-woven fabric mulching, black plastic film mulching, and rice straw plus black plastic film mulching. The results indicated that surface mulching significantly affected soil enzyme activity. Compared with CK, the activities of alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase significantly increased （P0.05） respectively by 17.55%, 24.77% and 87.2% under rice straw mulching. Arylamidase and dehydrogenase activities increased significantly （P0.05） by 8.03% and 71.05%, respectively under rice straw plus non-woven fabric mulching. Black plastic film mulching also significant increased （P0.05） the activities of β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase by 23.44%, 22.70%, 37.43% and 146.30%, respectively. Similarly, rice straw plus black plastic film mulching significantly improved （P0.05） the activities of β-glucosidase, arylamidase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase by 34.76%, 19.31%, 19.03%, 51.98% and 125.62%, respectively. In conclusion therefore, the activities of soil enzymes related to soil nutrient cycling were significantly enhanced by rice straw plus black plastic film mulching, which in turn enhanced soil fertility and quality.

关 键 词：双季稻区 春季马铃薯田 地表覆盖 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]