烟炱气溶胶的光学辐射特性研究  

THE INVESTIGATIONS OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOOT

作　　者：王雷[1] 葛茂发[1] 王炜罡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所,北京分子科学国家实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《环境化学》2011年第1期120-129,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40925016,40830101)资助

摘　　要：烟炱气溶胶是大气气溶胶的重要组成部分,它能直接或间接地影响地-气辐射平衡,进而对全球气候产生重大影响.目前,关于烟炱气溶胶光学性质的研究已经成为气溶胶科学中的前沿和热点课题,对其进行系统的实验室研究可以为更好地分析和认识外场观测结果提供基础,并为数值模式模拟研究提供准确的基本参数.本文简要介绍了烟炱气溶胶的来源和分类,重点阐述了其气候效应、光学性质的影响因素以及相关的实验室研究,并对相应的研究手段进行了总结.在此基础上还提出了当前主要的科学问题,同时也对未来这一重要领域的研究前景进行了展望.As a major component of atmospheric aerosols,soot could affect the Earth-atmosphere radiation balance directly by absorbing and scattering incoming solar light and indirectly by modifying cloud formation as cloud condensation nuclei（CCN）.The optical properties of soot are strongly dependent on their chemical composition and physical characteristics such as shape,morphology and mixing state.These properties vary significantly when aerosols are subjected to atmospheric aging,giving rise to large uncertainties when radiation force in the climate system is evaluated assuming fixed particle properties.In order to reduce uncertainties and estimate the radiation force accurately,a better understanding of the effect of soot on climate is necessary,which requires quantitative characterization of the relation between optical properties,mixing state and morphology of soot aerosols.In this situation,laboratory researches are of great importance to understand this coupling effect and could contribute to comprehending the field observed events and provide the basic parameters to model forecast.In this review,the classifications and emission sources of soot are introduced.In addition,the effect of soot on climate as well as the recent international laboratory researches and state of the art within this area are concluded.In the end,the main scientific problems are put forward,and the prospect is also made.

关 键 词：烟炱气溶胶 光学性质 辐射强迫 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]